Bone marrow transplantation, stem cells from the infusion of bone marrow to form new?
How stem cells into bone marrow, and survival in the bone marrow, bone marrow updated? The original bone marrow in patients with it? Does not work? Or be removed?
Questions added:
Seen some places that is blood type change after transplantation of bone marrow, is how the case?
After pretreatment, patient build school system was destroyed, if not entered into the seed (that is, stem cells of patients facing death.) Stem cells through intravenous, is the new seeds, it can re-create school systems in patients, of course, if there is residual and the patient's own very likely to relapse.
Pretreatment can kill all or part of the bone marrow stem cells.
After transplantation blood type will be determined mainly by the donor, but patients may still retain the original part of the hematopoietic function.
This will not change
【About bone marrow transplantation and (autologous peripheral blood) stem cell transplantation】
Bone marrow transplantation and (autologous peripheral blood) stem cell transplantation is to transplant hematopoietic stem cells, as hematopoietic stem cells were present in the bone marrow, early extraction of stem cells rely on bone marrow biopsy, using a needle bone marrow extraction and transplantation, which is your said bone marrow transplantation; this drawback is obvious, the first bone marrow donor to cause pain, imagine the needle then abruptly plunging more than it hurt your spine, and the recovery slow, risky; because there is a small amount of hematopoietic stem cells in autologous peripheral blood, so was born instead (autologous peripheral blood) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, this method is by stem cell donors of blood leads to in vitro and in vitro through the special equipment cycle, ultimately, into the body, related equipment will be Separation of hematopoietic stem cells in the blood; the advantage is to avoid the bone marrow aspirate, no pain, and rapid recovery, the risk is very small;
Bone marrow transplantation (autologous peripheral) types of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Introduction:
(1) autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) or autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBCT): ABMT and treatment of CML APBSCT main purpose is to extend to the late chronic phase or chronic phase patients back to prolong survival.
(2) with bone marrow transplantation: this BMT BMT is the treatment of CML patients and the first attempt.
(3) allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (ALLo-BMT) is now able to complete almost the only means of cure CML, but also the best way to treat CML.
(4), accelerated phase and blast phase CML Once the treatment of accelerated phase of disease and more unstable conditions, about 2 / 3 of patients will be followed by rapid changes occur. This phase of CML has been late, treatment is difficult.
================================
【】 On cord blood transplantation
Maternal and fetal cord blood is the transport of nutrients between the channel, because the fetus comes from the fertilized egg, the cells are in a relatively early differentiation, a primitive, especially in cord blood, which is the originator of hematopoietic cells, height is not differentiation, with high totipotency, according to the need to differentiate into different hematopoietic cells (and bone marrow function much like the most.)
Why choose cord blood it?
First of all leukemia bone marrow transplant can not use their own stem cells, because the current technology can not guarantee that stem cells from the body without residual leukemia cells, it is necessary to use different genes. Different genes but also of finding matching bone marrow is how difficult, and the mother's second child because of family ties and patients, matching the likelihood of success is very great.
In addition, the closer genetic relationship, the smaller the possibility of rejection, but also more likely successful transplantation.
Finally, the success of transplant medicine refers to the position of patients do not relapse after a period of time (usually 1 year) can be called a success, and transplant patients without recurrence one year later on the very small chance of recurrence. So put this medical condition called graft success, which is cured.
Showing posts with label orthopedic hospitals. Show all posts
Showing posts with label orthopedic hospitals. Show all posts
2011/05/02
What is bone marrow and bone marrow transplantation?
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
Bone marrow transplantation: an organ transplant, will be by the intravenous infusion of normal bone marrow in vivo in patients to replace bone marrow in the treatment of disease. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Bone marrow transplantation in two categories: one for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation. Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Bone marrow transplantation: an organ transplant, will be by the intravenous infusion of normal bone marrow in vivo in patients to replace bone marrow in the treatment of disease. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Bone marrow transplantation in two categories: one for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation. Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Taiwan leukemia, bone marrow transplant data
Understanding of bone marrow
What is bone marrow? It is located? Marrow will hurt body? Bone marrow is the hematopoietic tissue in the body, located within the body's many bones, it is responsible for manufacturing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and other blood cells, apart from the ongoing differentiation and maturation, to supplement the body's blood loss, the bone marrow itself is damaged (such as down injury, fractures, bone marrow will detract from) also regeneration. And if the abnormal bone marrow cells can lead to such as leukemia, aplastic anemia and other blood diseases.
Many people will be the bone marrow and spinal cord fluid (commonly known as the keel water) mixed, in fact, refers to the spinal fluid in the spinal cord surrounded by a thin layer of water outside, nothing to do with the bone marrow, and spinal fluid is only one of the body fluid metabolism continuously , usually to do lumbar puncture, pumping water, check the keel encephalitis, meningitis, etc., is quite common for a hospital examination, would not have any damage.
"What is bone marrow transplantation"
The so-called bone marrow transplant is taken from a healthy donor bone marrow cells within, loading bags, again the same as blood transfusion, injection method to drip into the patient. The following is from the donor and the marrow of those affected by surgical methods:
From the donor bone marrow method:
Marrow from the donor should take one to two weeks before surgery to receive a complete and detailed medical examination.
In the donor bone marrow in the seven days prior to the respective graft blood banks collected two hundred and fifty to five hundred cc of blood, the first store.
Bone marrow impose the same day in the operating room under general anesthesia, by a specialist physician with a special needle and syringe, since from the donor at the hip to extract the required on both sides of the iliac bone marrow fluid (about one to three hours), injected into the blood bag. The amount collected by those affected by spinal cord depending on body weight, about 500 to 1000 cc or so.
To the prior existence of bone marrow from the donor transferred back up the body, to supplement the blood loss during marrow volume.
Marrow obtained after surgery, in general, can be discharged the next day.
Who received marrow transplants by the method: (to leukemia as an example)
About two weeks before the transplantation of patients must be into the sterile room, first with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation, all of the bone marrow cells the patient, regardless of good or bad completely destroyed in order to thoroughly bad quality, elimination of diseased cells ( This called Repentance off therapy); the other hand, this also excluded the role of inhibition in order to facilitate regeneration of allogeneic bone marrow differentiation in a patient. At this point the patient is fragile and dangerous condition, require careful care, waiting for the implantation of healthy bone marrow, in order to avoid bleeding, severe infections and other dangerous conditions.
Transplant day, the HLA matching donor who matches out of volunteer bone marrow stored in bags and then by drip injection, about two to four hours into the patient.
After transplantation, the patient must live in the sterile room a few weeks time, careful attention is the possibility of rejection or infection, or other symptoms. After about two weeks to see signs of a successful transplant. First of all, increase the amount of white blood cells is bone marrow transplantation to create new blood in the first message. White blood cell count will continue to rise, and then produce new platelets and red blood cells, when transplanted bone marrow began to function, you can go to the general ward. Can return to society after discharge and to restore normal life for learning.
What is bone marrow? It is located? Marrow will hurt body? Bone marrow is the hematopoietic tissue in the body, located within the body's many bones, it is responsible for manufacturing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and other blood cells, apart from the ongoing differentiation and maturation, to supplement the body's blood loss, the bone marrow itself is damaged (such as down injury, fractures, bone marrow will detract from) also regeneration. And if the abnormal bone marrow cells can lead to such as leukemia, aplastic anemia and other blood diseases.
Many people will be the bone marrow and spinal cord fluid (commonly known as the keel water) mixed, in fact, refers to the spinal fluid in the spinal cord surrounded by a thin layer of water outside, nothing to do with the bone marrow, and spinal fluid is only one of the body fluid metabolism continuously , usually to do lumbar puncture, pumping water, check the keel encephalitis, meningitis, etc., is quite common for a hospital examination, would not have any damage.
"What is bone marrow transplantation"
The so-called bone marrow transplant is taken from a healthy donor bone marrow cells within, loading bags, again the same as blood transfusion, injection method to drip into the patient. The following is from the donor and the marrow of those affected by surgical methods:
From the donor bone marrow method:
Marrow from the donor should take one to two weeks before surgery to receive a complete and detailed medical examination.
In the donor bone marrow in the seven days prior to the respective graft blood banks collected two hundred and fifty to five hundred cc of blood, the first store.
Bone marrow impose the same day in the operating room under general anesthesia, by a specialist physician with a special needle and syringe, since from the donor at the hip to extract the required on both sides of the iliac bone marrow fluid (about one to three hours), injected into the blood bag. The amount collected by those affected by spinal cord depending on body weight, about 500 to 1000 cc or so.
To the prior existence of bone marrow from the donor transferred back up the body, to supplement the blood loss during marrow volume.
Marrow obtained after surgery, in general, can be discharged the next day.
Who received marrow transplants by the method: (to leukemia as an example)
About two weeks before the transplantation of patients must be into the sterile room, first with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation, all of the bone marrow cells the patient, regardless of good or bad completely destroyed in order to thoroughly bad quality, elimination of diseased cells ( This called Repentance off therapy); the other hand, this also excluded the role of inhibition in order to facilitate regeneration of allogeneic bone marrow differentiation in a patient. At this point the patient is fragile and dangerous condition, require careful care, waiting for the implantation of healthy bone marrow, in order to avoid bleeding, severe infections and other dangerous conditions.
Transplant day, the HLA matching donor who matches out of volunteer bone marrow stored in bags and then by drip injection, about two to four hours into the patient.
After transplantation, the patient must live in the sterile room a few weeks time, careful attention is the possibility of rejection or infection, or other symptoms. After about two weeks to see signs of a successful transplant. First of all, increase the amount of white blood cells is bone marrow transplantation to create new blood in the first message. White blood cell count will continue to rise, and then produce new platelets and red blood cells, when transplanted bone marrow began to function, you can go to the general ward. Can return to society after discharge and to restore normal life for learning.
What's the differences among hematopoietic, autologous stem cell and bone marrow transplantation?
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, autologous stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplantation What is the difference
Patient information: Male 25-34 years old
Condition described in (time of onset, the main symptoms, etc.):
Has been diagnosed with CLL, at present their symptoms are typical symptoms of CLL, lymphocytes high, about 0.89 percentage lymphocytes
How do want to help:
Relatively speaking, what kind of treatment more suitable for me? Some of which are relatively more secure?
Best answer
Hello! Bone marrow transplantation is now the basic need, and more to the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ABMT). Is to use their own bone marrow stem cells without the need for marrow persons, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment. If the situation allows you to select the autologous stem cell transplantation.
Regulation of the immune system, strengthen heart and kidney function, Chinese medicine is better
CML can be controlled by Gleevec, but very expensive. Once the need for transplant CML.
Landlord said is actually three transplantation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the difference is collected in different ways.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is successful in matching the body after the acquisition from the donor stem cells, autologous transplant is collected from the stem cells themselves are generally suitable for myeloma and lymphoma.
The so-called bone marrow transplantation, bone marrow fluid is collected, as full of bone marrow stem cells. Now in addition to genetic transfer between Taiwan and Hong Kong or bone marrow transplantation is also used outside the country have adopted the basic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, that is, stem cells collected from the arterial blood inside, and then infused into the blood where.
There is a blood disease Forum: www.bbsblood.org or www.bloodbbs.org, above there are a lot of useful content, are doctors, professionals and patients and their families, no advertising, are enthusiasts.
CLL are lymphoproliferative diseases, if not exponentially increase white blood cells, they can no treatment, rather than Gleevec treatment, Gleevec is the treatment of CML, if the treatment program is FC currently used chemotherapy, as Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or bone marrow transplantation without the need to consider now. You said several autologous transplantation is a major category, it allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Correspondingly, the bone marrow is graft, graft of hematopoietic stem cell is. Are different concepts.
Patient information: Male 25-34 years old
Condition described in (time of onset, the main symptoms, etc.):
Has been diagnosed with CLL, at present their symptoms are typical symptoms of CLL, lymphocytes high, about 0.89 percentage lymphocytes
How do want to help:
Relatively speaking, what kind of treatment more suitable for me? Some of which are relatively more secure?
Best answer
Hello! Bone marrow transplantation is now the basic need, and more to the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ABMT). Is to use their own bone marrow stem cells without the need for marrow persons, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment. If the situation allows you to select the autologous stem cell transplantation.
Regulation of the immune system, strengthen heart and kidney function, Chinese medicine is better
CML can be controlled by Gleevec, but very expensive. Once the need for transplant CML.
Landlord said is actually three transplantation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the difference is collected in different ways.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is successful in matching the body after the acquisition from the donor stem cells, autologous transplant is collected from the stem cells themselves are generally suitable for myeloma and lymphoma.
The so-called bone marrow transplantation, bone marrow fluid is collected, as full of bone marrow stem cells. Now in addition to genetic transfer between Taiwan and Hong Kong or bone marrow transplantation is also used outside the country have adopted the basic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, that is, stem cells collected from the arterial blood inside, and then infused into the blood where.
There is a blood disease Forum: www.bbsblood.org or www.bloodbbs.org, above there are a lot of useful content, are doctors, professionals and patients and their families, no advertising, are enthusiasts.
CLL are lymphoproliferative diseases, if not exponentially increase white blood cells, they can no treatment, rather than Gleevec treatment, Gleevec is the treatment of CML, if the treatment program is FC currently used chemotherapy, as Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or bone marrow transplantation without the need to consider now. You said several autologous transplantation is a major category, it allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Correspondingly, the bone marrow is graft, graft of hematopoietic stem cell is. Are different concepts.
Bone marrow transplant, total number of matching points?
Low resolution is 6 points (usually in the city can do the blood center, and the price is 1000-1200 yuan a general matching)
High resolution is 10 points (usually in the Chinese Red Cross Blood Center to do, and a man matching seems to be more than 3000)
If you do transplant, first, we take low-resolution, low resolution if there are six match points, then do high-resolution typing, high resolution 8 points in the match in general can do, is not much less then ideal. If you can find the full line of 10 points is the best, and transplantation rejection will be smaller, the probability of success will be higher.
Bless you!
Early resolution is 6 points, high resolution is 10 points.
High resolution is 10 points (usually in the Chinese Red Cross Blood Center to do, and a man matching seems to be more than 3000)
If you do transplant, first, we take low-resolution, low resolution if there are six match points, then do high-resolution typing, high resolution 8 points in the match in general can do, is not much less then ideal. If you can find the full line of 10 points is the best, and transplantation rejection will be smaller, the probability of success will be higher.
Bless you!
Early resolution is 6 points, high resolution is 10 points.
Leukemia bone marrow transplant
Autologous bone marrow transplantation points and allograft transplantation, autologous transplantation is the disease most patients will relapse. Present theory can cure leukemia, allogeneic transplant, much of the information or drama or media reports, so that people mistakenly believe that bone marrow transplant is the only option for cure of leukemia, it is not.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for certain blood diseases or even the only radical method of treatment. However, stem cell transplantation is not 100% successful, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation transplantation-related mortality, there is a certain recurrence rate. Transplant units in different transplant models because of different effects are also different. Also due to the specific circumstances of different patients with different risk and efficacy. Transplant goal is to cure disease, but also taking a big risk. No matter the outcome, to pay a higher price. And once pretreatment, there is no way to undo and go back in the. Therefore, patients should weigh when making decisions, and make full preparations and prepared for the economic. Some patients, such as frail, poor physical condition, or is itself a continuing remission relapsed or refractory acute leukemia, or economic conditions were not too abundant, the decision must consult a professional before transplantation blood disease specialists,
1. To find matching bone marrow, which can be unrelated donor (more difficult), relatives (parents, brothers and sisters) or their own (autologous transplantation)
2. For transplant preparation, such as physical examination, chemotherapy, and doctors to develop the program, buy some warehouse supplies, and more!
3. Into the graft position, bigger doses of chemotherapy, the WBC hit close to zero, and then back to the input provided for the bone marrow, waiting for the value of living bone marrow, the indicators were normal, only the position! (From the depot to a warehouse, about one to two months, if no conditions would occur)
4. A position to continue to stay in hospital after observation and prevention of severe rejection!
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Are now doing with the technology development of peripheral blood transplantation. Not taken donor bone marrow, which is more secure and easy.
Bone marrow transplant success rate is affected by many factors and the test of time, usually go through five checkpoints: 1, off chemotherapy before transplantation. 2, 3, transplant related, immune rejection after transplantation off. 4, 5 off infection, transplant related chemotherapy. Only turn passed over the five tests, and genetic testing made after six months, the patient's body found in gene expression for the marrow, and bone marrow, blood and major organs were normal, no obvious symptoms, be considered truly successful. Some common clinical transplant patients after extravehicular January, March, June or even a year after the recurrence. This type of patient condition, body organ function, autoimmunity, transplantation complications and the process for pulp and patient matching loci in line rate, the overall level of transplant centers have a significant relationship. Transplanted bone marrow transplantation is currently the real news media report the success rate of 50%, but the medical profession recognized by 33% or so. Or 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3 point of view: 1 / 3 patients in the transplant failed; 1 / 3 relapse within six months after transplantation; 1 / 3 of patients have transplant success.
Now the proportion of graft failure in decline, the general recurrence within a year also fell short, in mature, many of them are life-threatening infection and rejection is very unfortunate.
3:00 my sister did the day before yesterday, the death certificate is written in the graft-versus-host disease, hey my family to wear the dress, Cana, who are all bleeding points, so do not be too optimistic, to shun patients with heart it, eat, when to eat.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for certain blood diseases or even the only radical method of treatment. However, stem cell transplantation is not 100% successful, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation transplantation-related mortality, there is a certain recurrence rate. Transplant units in different transplant models because of different effects are also different. Also due to the specific circumstances of different patients with different risk and efficacy. Transplant goal is to cure disease, but also taking a big risk. No matter the outcome, to pay a higher price. And once pretreatment, there is no way to undo and go back in the. Therefore, patients should weigh when making decisions, and make full preparations and prepared for the economic. Some patients, such as frail, poor physical condition, or is itself a continuing remission relapsed or refractory acute leukemia, or economic conditions were not too abundant, the decision must consult a professional before transplantation blood disease specialists,
1. To find matching bone marrow, which can be unrelated donor (more difficult), relatives (parents, brothers and sisters) or their own (autologous transplantation)
2. For transplant preparation, such as physical examination, chemotherapy, and doctors to develop the program, buy some warehouse supplies, and more!
3. Into the graft position, bigger doses of chemotherapy, the WBC hit close to zero, and then back to the input provided for the bone marrow, waiting for the value of living bone marrow, the indicators were normal, only the position! (From the depot to a warehouse, about one to two months, if no conditions would occur)
4. A position to continue to stay in hospital after observation and prevention of severe rejection!
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Are now doing with the technology development of peripheral blood transplantation. Not taken donor bone marrow, which is more secure and easy.
Bone marrow transplant success rate is affected by many factors and the test of time, usually go through five checkpoints: 1, off chemotherapy before transplantation. 2, 3, transplant related, immune rejection after transplantation off. 4, 5 off infection, transplant related chemotherapy. Only turn passed over the five tests, and genetic testing made after six months, the patient's body found in gene expression for the marrow, and bone marrow, blood and major organs were normal, no obvious symptoms, be considered truly successful. Some common clinical transplant patients after extravehicular January, March, June or even a year after the recurrence. This type of patient condition, body organ function, autoimmunity, transplantation complications and the process for pulp and patient matching loci in line rate, the overall level of transplant centers have a significant relationship. Transplanted bone marrow transplantation is currently the real news media report the success rate of 50%, but the medical profession recognized by 33% or so. Or 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3 point of view: 1 / 3 patients in the transplant failed; 1 / 3 relapse within six months after transplantation; 1 / 3 of patients have transplant success.
Now the proportion of graft failure in decline, the general recurrence within a year also fell short, in mature, many of them are life-threatening infection and rejection is very unfortunate.
3:00 my sister did the day before yesterday, the death certificate is written in the graft-versus-host disease, hey my family to wear the dress, Cana, who are all bleeding points, so do not be too optimistic, to shun patients with heart it, eat, when to eat.
Bone marrow transplantation on their bodies influential?
The so-called bone marrow transplantation is not literal, as is true bone quality. Early studies on the treatment of leukemia, when medical scientists discovered that the body produces bone marrow is the source of the blood, bone marrow contains blood cells have been! limited by the prevailing conditions, they Health is often a direct extraction of bone marrow, make the appropriate transfer after implantation in vivo in patients, so this treatment is known as bone marrow transplantation. in the future, has been using this name down.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
Bone marrow transplantation on their bodies influential?
The so-called bone marrow transplantation is not literal, as is true bone quality. Early studies on the treatment of leukemia, when medical scientists discovered that the body produces bone marrow is the source of the blood, bone marrow contains blood cells have been! limited by the prevailing conditions, they Health is often a direct extraction of bone marrow, make the appropriate transfer after implantation in vivo in patients, so this treatment is known as bone marrow transplantation. in the future, has been using this name down.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
What does bone marrow transplantation mean?
What is a bone marrow
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
What is the role of bone marrow
The body's blood components and in a constant metabolism, the old cells are removed, generating new cells, bone marrow generate a variety of important functions is to produce cells, stem cells, these stem cells through differentiation and then generate a variety of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells , platelets, lymphocytes, etc., simply is the role of bone marrow hematopoietic function. Therefore, the bone marrow of life for the maintenance of the body and immunity is very important.
Bone marrow transplantation
(English: bone marrow transplantation, BMT)
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Two types of transplant
One for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation.
Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Principle
Select the appropriate patients, the right time. With leukemia as an example: adult acute leukemia in first complete remission (At this point the body is still ≤ leukemia cells), CML in chronic phase, with large doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy pretreatment, the patient's body to further kill leukemia cells out. At the same time the patients immune system and bone marrow function is extremely inhibited, so that the latter is difficult to self-recovery, then the donor (for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia) or removed prior autologous bone marrow (for complete remission of acute leukemia) intravenous infusion to patients, to save, and pay attention to bleeding may occur during infection and other complications, to take effective measures, waiting for the normal hematopoietic function reconstruction in a few weeks to achieve cure.
Outlook
Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation has advantages and disadvantages, ABMT the biggest drawback for the high recurrence rate, therefore, must be removed with acute leukemia and bone marrow of patients with advanced solid tumors in the residual leukemia or tumor cells. Means the removal of current research include: use of monoclonal antibodies plus complement, monoclonal antibodies plus plant lectin, monoclonal antibodies and magnetic micro-particle method, and the long-term bone marrow culture method, using a special culture system selectively only for normal hematopoiesis cell growth, above all phenomena can be achieved to kill residual leukemia or tumor cells, or interfere with their growth, in order to achieve the purpose of purification.
Allo-BMT, in order to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of GVHD, the first recipient and donor HLA matching to be accurate and reliable in addition to conventional HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR matching, the two sides should make further mixed lymphocyte culture in order to understand the HLA-D and the other not yet possible to detect a single other human leukocyte antigen degree of consistency between, and further estimate the possible transplantation of bone marrow engraftment can not be excluded or the occurrence of graft level-versus-host disease. Cyclosporine A is a strong preventive T cells to antigen stimulation drugs. Monoclonal antibodies also can be used for the removal of T lymphocytes in the spinal cord to relieve or avoid it caused by the occurrence of GVHD and reduce mortality.
Medical significance
Bone marrow transplants are used to treat those diseases
Bone marrow transplantation is a fairly advanced treatment, mainly for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia, severe aplastic anemia type, Mediterranean anemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and is now trying to further the treatment of metastatic breast and ovarian cancer .
Source of bone marrow
Bone marrow transplantation of autologous bone marrow transplantation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation of the points, by definition, autologous bone marrow transplantation of bone marrow from patients themselves, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with bone marrow from the donor.
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
What is the role of bone marrow
The body's blood components and in a constant metabolism, the old cells are removed, generating new cells, bone marrow generate a variety of important functions is to produce cells, stem cells, these stem cells through differentiation and then generate a variety of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells , platelets, lymphocytes, etc., simply is the role of bone marrow hematopoietic function. Therefore, the bone marrow of life for the maintenance of the body and immunity is very important.
Bone marrow transplantation
(English: bone marrow transplantation, BMT)
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Two types of transplant
One for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation.
Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Principle
Select the appropriate patients, the right time. With leukemia as an example: adult acute leukemia in first complete remission (At this point the body is still ≤ leukemia cells), CML in chronic phase, with large doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy pretreatment, the patient's body to further kill leukemia cells out. At the same time the patients immune system and bone marrow function is extremely inhibited, so that the latter is difficult to self-recovery, then the donor (for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia) or removed prior autologous bone marrow (for complete remission of acute leukemia) intravenous infusion to patients, to save, and pay attention to bleeding may occur during infection and other complications, to take effective measures, waiting for the normal hematopoietic function reconstruction in a few weeks to achieve cure.
Outlook
Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation has advantages and disadvantages, ABMT the biggest drawback for the high recurrence rate, therefore, must be removed with acute leukemia and bone marrow of patients with advanced solid tumors in the residual leukemia or tumor cells. Means the removal of current research include: use of monoclonal antibodies plus complement, monoclonal antibodies plus plant lectin, monoclonal antibodies and magnetic micro-particle method, and the long-term bone marrow culture method, using a special culture system selectively only for normal hematopoiesis cell growth, above all phenomena can be achieved to kill residual leukemia or tumor cells, or interfere with their growth, in order to achieve the purpose of purification.
Allo-BMT, in order to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of GVHD, the first recipient and donor HLA matching to be accurate and reliable in addition to conventional HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR matching, the two sides should make further mixed lymphocyte culture in order to understand the HLA-D and the other not yet possible to detect a single other human leukocyte antigen degree of consistency between, and further estimate the possible transplantation of bone marrow engraftment can not be excluded or the occurrence of graft level-versus-host disease. Cyclosporine A is a strong preventive T cells to antigen stimulation drugs. Monoclonal antibodies also can be used for the removal of T lymphocytes in the spinal cord to relieve or avoid it caused by the occurrence of GVHD and reduce mortality.
Medical significance
Bone marrow transplants are used to treat those diseases
Bone marrow transplantation is a fairly advanced treatment, mainly for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia, severe aplastic anemia type, Mediterranean anemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and is now trying to further the treatment of metastatic breast and ovarian cancer .
Source of bone marrow
Bone marrow transplantation of autologous bone marrow transplantation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation of the points, by definition, autologous bone marrow transplantation of bone marrow from patients themselves, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with bone marrow from the donor.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Subscribe To
Posts
All Comments
