Bone marrow transplantation, stem cells from the infusion of bone marrow to form new?
How stem cells into bone marrow, and survival in the bone marrow, bone marrow updated? The original bone marrow in patients with it? Does not work? Or be removed?
Questions added:
Seen some places that is blood type change after transplantation of bone marrow, is how the case?
After pretreatment, patient build school system was destroyed, if not entered into the seed (that is, stem cells of patients facing death.) Stem cells through intravenous, is the new seeds, it can re-create school systems in patients, of course, if there is residual and the patient's own very likely to relapse.
Pretreatment can kill all or part of the bone marrow stem cells.
After transplantation blood type will be determined mainly by the donor, but patients may still retain the original part of the hematopoietic function.
This will not change
【About bone marrow transplantation and (autologous peripheral blood) stem cell transplantation】
Bone marrow transplantation and (autologous peripheral blood) stem cell transplantation is to transplant hematopoietic stem cells, as hematopoietic stem cells were present in the bone marrow, early extraction of stem cells rely on bone marrow biopsy, using a needle bone marrow extraction and transplantation, which is your said bone marrow transplantation; this drawback is obvious, the first bone marrow donor to cause pain, imagine the needle then abruptly plunging more than it hurt your spine, and the recovery slow, risky; because there is a small amount of hematopoietic stem cells in autologous peripheral blood, so was born instead (autologous peripheral blood) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, this method is by stem cell donors of blood leads to in vitro and in vitro through the special equipment cycle, ultimately, into the body, related equipment will be Separation of hematopoietic stem cells in the blood; the advantage is to avoid the bone marrow aspirate, no pain, and rapid recovery, the risk is very small;
Bone marrow transplantation (autologous peripheral) types of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Introduction:
(1) autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) or autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBCT): ABMT and treatment of CML APBSCT main purpose is to extend to the late chronic phase or chronic phase patients back to prolong survival.
(2) with bone marrow transplantation: this BMT BMT is the treatment of CML patients and the first attempt.
(3) allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (ALLo-BMT) is now able to complete almost the only means of cure CML, but also the best way to treat CML.
(4), accelerated phase and blast phase CML Once the treatment of accelerated phase of disease and more unstable conditions, about 2 / 3 of patients will be followed by rapid changes occur. This phase of CML has been late, treatment is difficult.
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【】 On cord blood transplantation
Maternal and fetal cord blood is the transport of nutrients between the channel, because the fetus comes from the fertilized egg, the cells are in a relatively early differentiation, a primitive, especially in cord blood, which is the originator of hematopoietic cells, height is not differentiation, with high totipotency, according to the need to differentiate into different hematopoietic cells (and bone marrow function much like the most.)
Why choose cord blood it?
First of all leukemia bone marrow transplant can not use their own stem cells, because the current technology can not guarantee that stem cells from the body without residual leukemia cells, it is necessary to use different genes. Different genes but also of finding matching bone marrow is how difficult, and the mother's second child because of family ties and patients, matching the likelihood of success is very great.
In addition, the closer genetic relationship, the smaller the possibility of rejection, but also more likely successful transplantation.
Finally, the success of transplant medicine refers to the position of patients do not relapse after a period of time (usually 1 year) can be called a success, and transplant patients without recurrence one year later on the very small chance of recurrence. So put this medical condition called graft success, which is cured.
2011/05/02
What is bone marrow and bone marrow transplantation?
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
Bone marrow transplantation: an organ transplant, will be by the intravenous infusion of normal bone marrow in vivo in patients to replace bone marrow in the treatment of disease. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Bone marrow transplantation in two categories: one for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation. Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Bone marrow transplantation: an organ transplant, will be by the intravenous infusion of normal bone marrow in vivo in patients to replace bone marrow in the treatment of disease. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Bone marrow transplantation in two categories: one for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation. Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Taiwan leukemia, bone marrow transplant data
Understanding of bone marrow
What is bone marrow? It is located? Marrow will hurt body? Bone marrow is the hematopoietic tissue in the body, located within the body's many bones, it is responsible for manufacturing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and other blood cells, apart from the ongoing differentiation and maturation, to supplement the body's blood loss, the bone marrow itself is damaged (such as down injury, fractures, bone marrow will detract from) also regeneration. And if the abnormal bone marrow cells can lead to such as leukemia, aplastic anemia and other blood diseases.
Many people will be the bone marrow and spinal cord fluid (commonly known as the keel water) mixed, in fact, refers to the spinal fluid in the spinal cord surrounded by a thin layer of water outside, nothing to do with the bone marrow, and spinal fluid is only one of the body fluid metabolism continuously , usually to do lumbar puncture, pumping water, check the keel encephalitis, meningitis, etc., is quite common for a hospital examination, would not have any damage.
"What is bone marrow transplantation"
The so-called bone marrow transplant is taken from a healthy donor bone marrow cells within, loading bags, again the same as blood transfusion, injection method to drip into the patient. The following is from the donor and the marrow of those affected by surgical methods:
From the donor bone marrow method:
Marrow from the donor should take one to two weeks before surgery to receive a complete and detailed medical examination.
In the donor bone marrow in the seven days prior to the respective graft blood banks collected two hundred and fifty to five hundred cc of blood, the first store.
Bone marrow impose the same day in the operating room under general anesthesia, by a specialist physician with a special needle and syringe, since from the donor at the hip to extract the required on both sides of the iliac bone marrow fluid (about one to three hours), injected into the blood bag. The amount collected by those affected by spinal cord depending on body weight, about 500 to 1000 cc or so.
To the prior existence of bone marrow from the donor transferred back up the body, to supplement the blood loss during marrow volume.
Marrow obtained after surgery, in general, can be discharged the next day.
Who received marrow transplants by the method: (to leukemia as an example)
About two weeks before the transplantation of patients must be into the sterile room, first with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation, all of the bone marrow cells the patient, regardless of good or bad completely destroyed in order to thoroughly bad quality, elimination of diseased cells ( This called Repentance off therapy); the other hand, this also excluded the role of inhibition in order to facilitate regeneration of allogeneic bone marrow differentiation in a patient. At this point the patient is fragile and dangerous condition, require careful care, waiting for the implantation of healthy bone marrow, in order to avoid bleeding, severe infections and other dangerous conditions.
Transplant day, the HLA matching donor who matches out of volunteer bone marrow stored in bags and then by drip injection, about two to four hours into the patient.
After transplantation, the patient must live in the sterile room a few weeks time, careful attention is the possibility of rejection or infection, or other symptoms. After about two weeks to see signs of a successful transplant. First of all, increase the amount of white blood cells is bone marrow transplantation to create new blood in the first message. White blood cell count will continue to rise, and then produce new platelets and red blood cells, when transplanted bone marrow began to function, you can go to the general ward. Can return to society after discharge and to restore normal life for learning.
What is bone marrow? It is located? Marrow will hurt body? Bone marrow is the hematopoietic tissue in the body, located within the body's many bones, it is responsible for manufacturing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and other blood cells, apart from the ongoing differentiation and maturation, to supplement the body's blood loss, the bone marrow itself is damaged (such as down injury, fractures, bone marrow will detract from) also regeneration. And if the abnormal bone marrow cells can lead to such as leukemia, aplastic anemia and other blood diseases.
Many people will be the bone marrow and spinal cord fluid (commonly known as the keel water) mixed, in fact, refers to the spinal fluid in the spinal cord surrounded by a thin layer of water outside, nothing to do with the bone marrow, and spinal fluid is only one of the body fluid metabolism continuously , usually to do lumbar puncture, pumping water, check the keel encephalitis, meningitis, etc., is quite common for a hospital examination, would not have any damage.
"What is bone marrow transplantation"
The so-called bone marrow transplant is taken from a healthy donor bone marrow cells within, loading bags, again the same as blood transfusion, injection method to drip into the patient. The following is from the donor and the marrow of those affected by surgical methods:
From the donor bone marrow method:
Marrow from the donor should take one to two weeks before surgery to receive a complete and detailed medical examination.
In the donor bone marrow in the seven days prior to the respective graft blood banks collected two hundred and fifty to five hundred cc of blood, the first store.
Bone marrow impose the same day in the operating room under general anesthesia, by a specialist physician with a special needle and syringe, since from the donor at the hip to extract the required on both sides of the iliac bone marrow fluid (about one to three hours), injected into the blood bag. The amount collected by those affected by spinal cord depending on body weight, about 500 to 1000 cc or so.
To the prior existence of bone marrow from the donor transferred back up the body, to supplement the blood loss during marrow volume.
Marrow obtained after surgery, in general, can be discharged the next day.
Who received marrow transplants by the method: (to leukemia as an example)
About two weeks before the transplantation of patients must be into the sterile room, first with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation, all of the bone marrow cells the patient, regardless of good or bad completely destroyed in order to thoroughly bad quality, elimination of diseased cells ( This called Repentance off therapy); the other hand, this also excluded the role of inhibition in order to facilitate regeneration of allogeneic bone marrow differentiation in a patient. At this point the patient is fragile and dangerous condition, require careful care, waiting for the implantation of healthy bone marrow, in order to avoid bleeding, severe infections and other dangerous conditions.
Transplant day, the HLA matching donor who matches out of volunteer bone marrow stored in bags and then by drip injection, about two to four hours into the patient.
After transplantation, the patient must live in the sterile room a few weeks time, careful attention is the possibility of rejection or infection, or other symptoms. After about two weeks to see signs of a successful transplant. First of all, increase the amount of white blood cells is bone marrow transplantation to create new blood in the first message. White blood cell count will continue to rise, and then produce new platelets and red blood cells, when transplanted bone marrow began to function, you can go to the general ward. Can return to society after discharge and to restore normal life for learning.
What's the differences among hematopoietic, autologous stem cell and bone marrow transplantation?
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, autologous stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplantation What is the difference
Patient information: Male 25-34 years old
Condition described in (time of onset, the main symptoms, etc.):
Has been diagnosed with CLL, at present their symptoms are typical symptoms of CLL, lymphocytes high, about 0.89 percentage lymphocytes
How do want to help:
Relatively speaking, what kind of treatment more suitable for me? Some of which are relatively more secure?
Best answer
Hello! Bone marrow transplantation is now the basic need, and more to the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ABMT). Is to use their own bone marrow stem cells without the need for marrow persons, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment. If the situation allows you to select the autologous stem cell transplantation.
Regulation of the immune system, strengthen heart and kidney function, Chinese medicine is better
CML can be controlled by Gleevec, but very expensive. Once the need for transplant CML.
Landlord said is actually three transplantation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the difference is collected in different ways.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is successful in matching the body after the acquisition from the donor stem cells, autologous transplant is collected from the stem cells themselves are generally suitable for myeloma and lymphoma.
The so-called bone marrow transplantation, bone marrow fluid is collected, as full of bone marrow stem cells. Now in addition to genetic transfer between Taiwan and Hong Kong or bone marrow transplantation is also used outside the country have adopted the basic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, that is, stem cells collected from the arterial blood inside, and then infused into the blood where.
There is a blood disease Forum: www.bbsblood.org or www.bloodbbs.org, above there are a lot of useful content, are doctors, professionals and patients and their families, no advertising, are enthusiasts.
CLL are lymphoproliferative diseases, if not exponentially increase white blood cells, they can no treatment, rather than Gleevec treatment, Gleevec is the treatment of CML, if the treatment program is FC currently used chemotherapy, as Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or bone marrow transplantation without the need to consider now. You said several autologous transplantation is a major category, it allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Correspondingly, the bone marrow is graft, graft of hematopoietic stem cell is. Are different concepts.
Patient information: Male 25-34 years old
Condition described in (time of onset, the main symptoms, etc.):
Has been diagnosed with CLL, at present their symptoms are typical symptoms of CLL, lymphocytes high, about 0.89 percentage lymphocytes
How do want to help:
Relatively speaking, what kind of treatment more suitable for me? Some of which are relatively more secure?
Best answer
Hello! Bone marrow transplantation is now the basic need, and more to the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ABMT). Is to use their own bone marrow stem cells without the need for marrow persons, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment. If the situation allows you to select the autologous stem cell transplantation.
Regulation of the immune system, strengthen heart and kidney function, Chinese medicine is better
CML can be controlled by Gleevec, but very expensive. Once the need for transplant CML.
Landlord said is actually three transplantation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the difference is collected in different ways.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is successful in matching the body after the acquisition from the donor stem cells, autologous transplant is collected from the stem cells themselves are generally suitable for myeloma and lymphoma.
The so-called bone marrow transplantation, bone marrow fluid is collected, as full of bone marrow stem cells. Now in addition to genetic transfer between Taiwan and Hong Kong or bone marrow transplantation is also used outside the country have adopted the basic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, that is, stem cells collected from the arterial blood inside, and then infused into the blood where.
There is a blood disease Forum: www.bbsblood.org or www.bloodbbs.org, above there are a lot of useful content, are doctors, professionals and patients and their families, no advertising, are enthusiasts.
CLL are lymphoproliferative diseases, if not exponentially increase white blood cells, they can no treatment, rather than Gleevec treatment, Gleevec is the treatment of CML, if the treatment program is FC currently used chemotherapy, as Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or bone marrow transplantation without the need to consider now. You said several autologous transplantation is a major category, it allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Correspondingly, the bone marrow is graft, graft of hematopoietic stem cell is. Are different concepts.
Bone marrow transplant, total number of matching points?
Low resolution is 6 points (usually in the city can do the blood center, and the price is 1000-1200 yuan a general matching)
High resolution is 10 points (usually in the Chinese Red Cross Blood Center to do, and a man matching seems to be more than 3000)
If you do transplant, first, we take low-resolution, low resolution if there are six match points, then do high-resolution typing, high resolution 8 points in the match in general can do, is not much less then ideal. If you can find the full line of 10 points is the best, and transplantation rejection will be smaller, the probability of success will be higher.
Bless you!
Early resolution is 6 points, high resolution is 10 points.
High resolution is 10 points (usually in the Chinese Red Cross Blood Center to do, and a man matching seems to be more than 3000)
If you do transplant, first, we take low-resolution, low resolution if there are six match points, then do high-resolution typing, high resolution 8 points in the match in general can do, is not much less then ideal. If you can find the full line of 10 points is the best, and transplantation rejection will be smaller, the probability of success will be higher.
Bless you!
Early resolution is 6 points, high resolution is 10 points.
Leukemia bone marrow transplant
Autologous bone marrow transplantation points and allograft transplantation, autologous transplantation is the disease most patients will relapse. Present theory can cure leukemia, allogeneic transplant, much of the information or drama or media reports, so that people mistakenly believe that bone marrow transplant is the only option for cure of leukemia, it is not.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for certain blood diseases or even the only radical method of treatment. However, stem cell transplantation is not 100% successful, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation transplantation-related mortality, there is a certain recurrence rate. Transplant units in different transplant models because of different effects are also different. Also due to the specific circumstances of different patients with different risk and efficacy. Transplant goal is to cure disease, but also taking a big risk. No matter the outcome, to pay a higher price. And once pretreatment, there is no way to undo and go back in the. Therefore, patients should weigh when making decisions, and make full preparations and prepared for the economic. Some patients, such as frail, poor physical condition, or is itself a continuing remission relapsed or refractory acute leukemia, or economic conditions were not too abundant, the decision must consult a professional before transplantation blood disease specialists,
1. To find matching bone marrow, which can be unrelated donor (more difficult), relatives (parents, brothers and sisters) or their own (autologous transplantation)
2. For transplant preparation, such as physical examination, chemotherapy, and doctors to develop the program, buy some warehouse supplies, and more!
3. Into the graft position, bigger doses of chemotherapy, the WBC hit close to zero, and then back to the input provided for the bone marrow, waiting for the value of living bone marrow, the indicators were normal, only the position! (From the depot to a warehouse, about one to two months, if no conditions would occur)
4. A position to continue to stay in hospital after observation and prevention of severe rejection!
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Are now doing with the technology development of peripheral blood transplantation. Not taken donor bone marrow, which is more secure and easy.
Bone marrow transplant success rate is affected by many factors and the test of time, usually go through five checkpoints: 1, off chemotherapy before transplantation. 2, 3, transplant related, immune rejection after transplantation off. 4, 5 off infection, transplant related chemotherapy. Only turn passed over the five tests, and genetic testing made after six months, the patient's body found in gene expression for the marrow, and bone marrow, blood and major organs were normal, no obvious symptoms, be considered truly successful. Some common clinical transplant patients after extravehicular January, March, June or even a year after the recurrence. This type of patient condition, body organ function, autoimmunity, transplantation complications and the process for pulp and patient matching loci in line rate, the overall level of transplant centers have a significant relationship. Transplanted bone marrow transplantation is currently the real news media report the success rate of 50%, but the medical profession recognized by 33% or so. Or 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3 point of view: 1 / 3 patients in the transplant failed; 1 / 3 relapse within six months after transplantation; 1 / 3 of patients have transplant success.
Now the proportion of graft failure in decline, the general recurrence within a year also fell short, in mature, many of them are life-threatening infection and rejection is very unfortunate.
3:00 my sister did the day before yesterday, the death certificate is written in the graft-versus-host disease, hey my family to wear the dress, Cana, who are all bleeding points, so do not be too optimistic, to shun patients with heart it, eat, when to eat.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for certain blood diseases or even the only radical method of treatment. However, stem cell transplantation is not 100% successful, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation transplantation-related mortality, there is a certain recurrence rate. Transplant units in different transplant models because of different effects are also different. Also due to the specific circumstances of different patients with different risk and efficacy. Transplant goal is to cure disease, but also taking a big risk. No matter the outcome, to pay a higher price. And once pretreatment, there is no way to undo and go back in the. Therefore, patients should weigh when making decisions, and make full preparations and prepared for the economic. Some patients, such as frail, poor physical condition, or is itself a continuing remission relapsed or refractory acute leukemia, or economic conditions were not too abundant, the decision must consult a professional before transplantation blood disease specialists,
1. To find matching bone marrow, which can be unrelated donor (more difficult), relatives (parents, brothers and sisters) or their own (autologous transplantation)
2. For transplant preparation, such as physical examination, chemotherapy, and doctors to develop the program, buy some warehouse supplies, and more!
3. Into the graft position, bigger doses of chemotherapy, the WBC hit close to zero, and then back to the input provided for the bone marrow, waiting for the value of living bone marrow, the indicators were normal, only the position! (From the depot to a warehouse, about one to two months, if no conditions would occur)
4. A position to continue to stay in hospital after observation and prevention of severe rejection!
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Are now doing with the technology development of peripheral blood transplantation. Not taken donor bone marrow, which is more secure and easy.
Bone marrow transplant success rate is affected by many factors and the test of time, usually go through five checkpoints: 1, off chemotherapy before transplantation. 2, 3, transplant related, immune rejection after transplantation off. 4, 5 off infection, transplant related chemotherapy. Only turn passed over the five tests, and genetic testing made after six months, the patient's body found in gene expression for the marrow, and bone marrow, blood and major organs were normal, no obvious symptoms, be considered truly successful. Some common clinical transplant patients after extravehicular January, March, June or even a year after the recurrence. This type of patient condition, body organ function, autoimmunity, transplantation complications and the process for pulp and patient matching loci in line rate, the overall level of transplant centers have a significant relationship. Transplanted bone marrow transplantation is currently the real news media report the success rate of 50%, but the medical profession recognized by 33% or so. Or 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3 point of view: 1 / 3 patients in the transplant failed; 1 / 3 relapse within six months after transplantation; 1 / 3 of patients have transplant success.
Now the proportion of graft failure in decline, the general recurrence within a year also fell short, in mature, many of them are life-threatening infection and rejection is very unfortunate.
3:00 my sister did the day before yesterday, the death certificate is written in the graft-versus-host disease, hey my family to wear the dress, Cana, who are all bleeding points, so do not be too optimistic, to shun patients with heart it, eat, when to eat.
Bone marrow transplantation on their bodies influential?
The so-called bone marrow transplantation is not literal, as is true bone quality. Early studies on the treatment of leukemia, when medical scientists discovered that the body produces bone marrow is the source of the blood, bone marrow contains blood cells have been! limited by the prevailing conditions, they Health is often a direct extraction of bone marrow, make the appropriate transfer after implantation in vivo in patients, so this treatment is known as bone marrow transplantation. in the future, has been using this name down.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
Bone marrow transplantation on their bodies influential?
The so-called bone marrow transplantation is not literal, as is true bone quality. Early studies on the treatment of leukemia, when medical scientists discovered that the body produces bone marrow is the source of the blood, bone marrow contains blood cells have been! limited by the prevailing conditions, they Health is often a direct extraction of bone marrow, make the appropriate transfer after implantation in vivo in patients, so this treatment is known as bone marrow transplantation. in the future, has been using this name down.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
With the deepening of medical research and the application of advanced medical equipment, medical scientists found in human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and found that bone marrow contains not only hematopoietic stem cells in the blood also contains only content and bone marrow far! as directly from the Method of extracting bone marrow donors will bring great pain, so start using hematopoietic cells isolated from the blood method, so that the pain was donated to the lowest level.
After the separation of blood, will re-enter to donate the blood vessels in the stem cells remained in a separate container, waiting for transplantation. separators of course, is sterilized, without fear of blood, "went away"when by the bacteria against .
In addition, human bone marrow is able to produce stem cells without the loss of that part of the worry about 10 days, the donor stem cells in the body will restore the original level.
The state is now free citizens of donor hematopoietic stem cells provide a good benefits, for example, donors have 10-15 days of paid training leave, and to give condolence money, etc. 3000-5000 dollars, the Ministry of Health also asked related medical units To ensure the physical and mental health donors!
No, definitely not.
What does bone marrow transplantation mean?
What is a bone marrow
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
What is the role of bone marrow
The body's blood components and in a constant metabolism, the old cells are removed, generating new cells, bone marrow generate a variety of important functions is to produce cells, stem cells, these stem cells through differentiation and then generate a variety of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells , platelets, lymphocytes, etc., simply is the role of bone marrow hematopoietic function. Therefore, the bone marrow of life for the maintenance of the body and immunity is very important.
Bone marrow transplantation
(English: bone marrow transplantation, BMT)
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Two types of transplant
One for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation.
Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Principle
Select the appropriate patients, the right time. With leukemia as an example: adult acute leukemia in first complete remission (At this point the body is still ≤ leukemia cells), CML in chronic phase, with large doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy pretreatment, the patient's body to further kill leukemia cells out. At the same time the patients immune system and bone marrow function is extremely inhibited, so that the latter is difficult to self-recovery, then the donor (for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia) or removed prior autologous bone marrow (for complete remission of acute leukemia) intravenous infusion to patients, to save, and pay attention to bleeding may occur during infection and other complications, to take effective measures, waiting for the normal hematopoietic function reconstruction in a few weeks to achieve cure.
Outlook
Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation has advantages and disadvantages, ABMT the biggest drawback for the high recurrence rate, therefore, must be removed with acute leukemia and bone marrow of patients with advanced solid tumors in the residual leukemia or tumor cells. Means the removal of current research include: use of monoclonal antibodies plus complement, monoclonal antibodies plus plant lectin, monoclonal antibodies and magnetic micro-particle method, and the long-term bone marrow culture method, using a special culture system selectively only for normal hematopoiesis cell growth, above all phenomena can be achieved to kill residual leukemia or tumor cells, or interfere with their growth, in order to achieve the purpose of purification.
Allo-BMT, in order to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of GVHD, the first recipient and donor HLA matching to be accurate and reliable in addition to conventional HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR matching, the two sides should make further mixed lymphocyte culture in order to understand the HLA-D and the other not yet possible to detect a single other human leukocyte antigen degree of consistency between, and further estimate the possible transplantation of bone marrow engraftment can not be excluded or the occurrence of graft level-versus-host disease. Cyclosporine A is a strong preventive T cells to antigen stimulation drugs. Monoclonal antibodies also can be used for the removal of T lymphocytes in the spinal cord to relieve or avoid it caused by the occurrence of GVHD and reduce mortality.
Medical significance
Bone marrow transplants are used to treat those diseases
Bone marrow transplantation is a fairly advanced treatment, mainly for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia, severe aplastic anemia type, Mediterranean anemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and is now trying to further the treatment of metastatic breast and ovarian cancer .
Source of bone marrow
Bone marrow transplantation of autologous bone marrow transplantation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation of the points, by definition, autologous bone marrow transplantation of bone marrow from patients themselves, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with bone marrow from the donor.
Bone marrow is found in long bones (such as the humerus, femur) and flat bone marrow cavity (such as the iliac crest, ribs, sternum, spine, etc.) in the cancellous bone between the mesh of a sponge-like tissue, bone marrow produces blood cells slightly red, as red bone marrow. Some of the bone marrow cavity of adult bone marrow contains a lot of fat cells, yellow, and can not produce blood cells, known as the yellow bone marrow. At birth, the body cavity filled with red bone marrow, with age, increased bone marrow fat cells, a considerable part of the red bone marrow is replaced by yellow and finally almost alone in the flat bone spongy bone with red bone marrow. Such changes may not need all the marrow cavity of adult blood, some of the bone marrow cavity blood to replenish blood cells is adequate. When the body during severe ischemia, part yellow marrow can be transformed into red bone marrow and restore the ability of blood.
What is the role of bone marrow
The body's blood components and in a constant metabolism, the old cells are removed, generating new cells, bone marrow generate a variety of important functions is to produce cells, stem cells, these stem cells through differentiation and then generate a variety of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells , platelets, lymphocytes, etc., simply is the role of bone marrow hematopoietic function. Therefore, the bone marrow of life for the maintenance of the body and immunity is very important.
Bone marrow transplantation
(English: bone marrow transplantation, BMT)
An organ transplant, the patients with normal bone marrow in vivo by the intravenous infusion to replace the treatment of bone marrow lesions. For the treatment of hematopoietic function abnormalities, immune dysfunction, hematological malignancies and other malignancies. With this therapy can improve efficacy, improve outcomes, have long survival and even cure.
Two types of transplant
One for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (clinical applications since the 1970s, has achieved great success.) It is with the patient the need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching brothers, sisters and a handful of unrelated marrow for allogeneic bone marrow who have entered, or family members such as parents and their children's bone marrow transplantation; and with patients HLA does not quite match unrelated donor bone marrow. Although non-compatriots, brothers and sisters HLA match, but susceptible to varying severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD), especially in the latter case is more serious. Another bone marrow transplantation for the same gene, that is a very small number of monozygotic twins among twin brother or sister of bone marrow transplantation.
Another type of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). To carry out such a late bone marrow transplantation, 80 clinical application. With their own bone marrow, for marrow without those, this method is simple, easy to spread, can be used for only one child, and no incidence of GVHD. For leukemia, lymphoma and various solid tumor treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci exist on chromosome 6 in both the short arm, each with and by the closely linked loci of complex composition. Each locus by several or dozens of alleles in a composition. The cell membrane, there are currently 200 species found around the antigen. Currently available in the laboratory to the HLA antigen detected only HLA-A-BC, -D/DR these categories. Laboratory measured these types of antigen match between the two does not mean they are not all antigens inconsistencies. In the brothers, and sisters all received from the parents of each gene on a chromosome one, so is the haploid genetic. Brothers and sisters with exactly the same way between the rate of gene accounted for only 25% of the total between parents and offspring chromosomes have a single type of HLA-A, B and other sites with different, so in addition monozygotic twin brother or sister, the Family members and unrelated donor HLA match between the probability is minimal.
HLA started as a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was found, the expression of the gene encoding the antigen, involved in controlling cell subsets in immune recognition and interaction, it does not match the HLA on graft and recipient organizations mutually exclusive influence. Clinically, on the one hand can not produce graft engraftment, on the other hand can produce varying severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, manifested as skin, liver and gastrointestinal diseases, severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, HLA matching on the organization's choice for the marrow and bone marrow transplant success, is one important part.
About 60% of adult acute leukemia patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or with up to 3 years of long survival, some have reached 5 to 6 years. Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, about 80% of patients can survive for 3 years, some have survived more than 5 to 6 years can be described as radical. Was compared with conventional combined chemotherapy only, do not do bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia, only 10 to 15% of people survived to 3 years, the average survival is only about a year. Chronic myeloid leukemia survival period was 3 to 4 years, although the slow course of the disease, but no cure with chemotherapy is currently possible. Therefore, the efficacy of bone marrow transplantation achieved better than conventional chemotherapy. Of lymphoma and other solid tumors with autologous bone marrow transplantation can achieve radical purposes.
Principle
Select the appropriate patients, the right time. With leukemia as an example: adult acute leukemia in first complete remission (At this point the body is still ≤ leukemia cells), CML in chronic phase, with large doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy pretreatment, the patient's body to further kill leukemia cells out. At the same time the patients immune system and bone marrow function is extremely inhibited, so that the latter is difficult to self-recovery, then the donor (for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia) or removed prior autologous bone marrow (for complete remission of acute leukemia) intravenous infusion to patients, to save, and pay attention to bleeding may occur during infection and other complications, to take effective measures, waiting for the normal hematopoietic function reconstruction in a few weeks to achieve cure.
Outlook
Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation has advantages and disadvantages, ABMT the biggest drawback for the high recurrence rate, therefore, must be removed with acute leukemia and bone marrow of patients with advanced solid tumors in the residual leukemia or tumor cells. Means the removal of current research include: use of monoclonal antibodies plus complement, monoclonal antibodies plus plant lectin, monoclonal antibodies and magnetic micro-particle method, and the long-term bone marrow culture method, using a special culture system selectively only for normal hematopoiesis cell growth, above all phenomena can be achieved to kill residual leukemia or tumor cells, or interfere with their growth, in order to achieve the purpose of purification.
Allo-BMT, in order to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of GVHD, the first recipient and donor HLA matching to be accurate and reliable in addition to conventional HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR matching, the two sides should make further mixed lymphocyte culture in order to understand the HLA-D and the other not yet possible to detect a single other human leukocyte antigen degree of consistency between, and further estimate the possible transplantation of bone marrow engraftment can not be excluded or the occurrence of graft level-versus-host disease. Cyclosporine A is a strong preventive T cells to antigen stimulation drugs. Monoclonal antibodies also can be used for the removal of T lymphocytes in the spinal cord to relieve or avoid it caused by the occurrence of GVHD and reduce mortality.
Medical significance
Bone marrow transplants are used to treat those diseases
Bone marrow transplantation is a fairly advanced treatment, mainly for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia, severe aplastic anemia type, Mediterranean anemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and is now trying to further the treatment of metastatic breast and ovarian cancer .
Source of bone marrow
Bone marrow transplantation of autologous bone marrow transplantation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation of the points, by definition, autologous bone marrow transplantation of bone marrow from patients themselves, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with bone marrow from the donor.
Swollen feet after kidney transplantation
My dad has 10 days after kidney transplantation, the urine discharge is normal, creatinine is normal, but for some reason a bit swollen feet
1. swollen feet be cause Plendil, baking soda can cause elevated serum sodium, thereby causing edema, hormones can also cause sodium and water retention.
2. Renal function was normal that the kidney is still good.
3. immunity is the main cause severe infections, organ transplant recipients, each must do preventive work, a serious lung infection should be promptly think of cytomegalovirus infection and Pneumocystis carinii infection, so as not to delay treatment Life-threatening. You are now the infection has been cured and renal function, does not affect your graft survival.
(I hope to help you) best to consult a doctor by profession Oh! !
1. swollen feet be cause Plendil, baking soda can cause elevated serum sodium, thereby causing edema, hormones can also cause sodium and water retention.
2. Renal function was normal that the kidney is still good.
3. immunity is the main cause severe infections, organ transplant recipients, each must do preventive work, a serious lung infection should be promptly think of cytomegalovirus infection and Pneumocystis carinii infection, so as not to delay treatment Life-threatening. You are now the infection has been cured and renal function, does not affect your graft survival.
(I hope to help you) best to consult a doctor by profession Oh! !
Low-grade fever continued after renal transplantation
After renal transplantation in April, the latest low-grade fever 37.2-37.6 always feel tired the morning, no effort at noon and go to sleep around 2 pm, the body temperature to normal, but also strong and, do not cough, no runny nose. What reason? About three days, an interval of one day without fever symptoms, there has been a day
Questions added:
Went to see the doctor after transplantation, a review, chest radiograph, blood, kidney function, liver function, renal B-, urine all normal, creatinine is also his grandmother down a little it. The doctor prescribed three days of ganciclovir and cephalosporins, hanging a little, this morning was 37.3
Best answer
Low-grade fever for many reasons, but certainly there is inflammation of the body to appear, it is recommended to see a doctor immediately, not gonna matter, kidney transplant patients and ordinary people do not like, do not overlook these small problems, this is a piece of advice for your patients , Take care ah!
Questions added:
Went to see the doctor after transplantation, a review, chest radiograph, blood, kidney function, liver function, renal B-, urine all normal, creatinine is also his grandmother down a little it. The doctor prescribed three days of ganciclovir and cephalosporins, hanging a little, this morning was 37.3
Best answer
Low-grade fever for many reasons, but certainly there is inflammation of the body to appear, it is recommended to see a doctor immediately, not gonna matter, kidney transplant patients and ordinary people do not like, do not overlook these small problems, this is a piece of advice for your patients , Take care ah!
Medicine after renal transplantation?
Transplant operation next month to do family, and ask what immunosuppressants after transplantation compared with the good?
Best answer
The most common is triple the current medication, you need to consider liver transplantation or renal transplantation
Triple drug is tacrolimus + MMF + steroid
At present, whether imported or domestically produced drugs drugs, have been very mature, the market also have a certain share.
Claims to see the patient's condition, health care is high, and how to be reimbursed.
If the case does not involve reimbursement, private patients, I recommend taking the domestic drug, such as the sea is the welfare of the United States welcomes the pharmaceutical production and the elements can, with the import of tacrolimus and MMF the same effect, the price is much cheaper.
Because there are friends in the service, well, so to introduce to you.
This is the doctors need to consider
For each patient, the postoperative immunosuppressive regimen will be used routinely, but all hospitals are not the same program. Is used by more of tacrolimus + mycophenolate mofetil + prednisone, and then based on adverse drug reactions in patients, complications, and the tolerance of patients to adjust. Drugs for the effect of the patient may not like, you ask the attending physician or multi-bar.
FK506 (tacrolimus) + MMF (MMF) + steroid (prednisone)
My family is originally imported relatives of tacrolimus in the later economy can not afford to replace the domestic, and now is with the welfare of the United States welcomes the sea
Now usually triple drug: FK506 + MMF + steroid. Both imported and domestically produced, look at his situation in Medicare reimbursement have made friends in the service of blessing the United States welcomes the sea is, I heard pretty good.
Best answer
The most common is triple the current medication, you need to consider liver transplantation or renal transplantation
Triple drug is tacrolimus + MMF + steroid
At present, whether imported or domestically produced drugs drugs, have been very mature, the market also have a certain share.
Claims to see the patient's condition, health care is high, and how to be reimbursed.
If the case does not involve reimbursement, private patients, I recommend taking the domestic drug, such as the sea is the welfare of the United States welcomes the pharmaceutical production and the elements can, with the import of tacrolimus and MMF the same effect, the price is much cheaper.
Because there are friends in the service, well, so to introduce to you.
This is the doctors need to consider
For each patient, the postoperative immunosuppressive regimen will be used routinely, but all hospitals are not the same program. Is used by more of tacrolimus + mycophenolate mofetil + prednisone, and then based on adverse drug reactions in patients, complications, and the tolerance of patients to adjust. Drugs for the effect of the patient may not like, you ask the attending physician or multi-bar.
FK506 (tacrolimus) + MMF (MMF) + steroid (prednisone)
My family is originally imported relatives of tacrolimus in the later economy can not afford to replace the domestic, and now is with the welfare of the United States welcomes the sea
Now usually triple drug: FK506 + MMF + steroid. Both imported and domestically produced, look at his situation in Medicare reimbursement have made friends in the service of blessing the United States welcomes the sea is, I heard pretty good.
Three years after renal transplantation, liver cirrhosis with ascites
Description disease (onset time, major symptoms, visiting hospitals, etc.):
Kidney transplant in January 2007
March 2009 diagnosis of ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly treatment of ascites Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai
April 2010 in Shandong Qilu Hospital no effect, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase normal, R-GGT 300, ALP 400, poor renal function, serum creatinine 170
And effectiveness of treatment was:
March 2009 diagnosis of ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly treatment of ascites Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai
April 2010 Qilu Hospital of Shandong no effect, poor renal function, serum creatinine 170
Feel no treatment
How do want to help:
Would like to ask a specific treatment, and liver transplantation can it? There is a stem cell transplant treatment for it?
Best answer
Appropriate concentration, liver and kidney syndrome can not be called (especially in patients with cirrhosis of the liver stage, because the poor liver function affect kidney function, resulting in oliguria or anuria)
Liver transplantation is currently no strong indications, current treatment recommendations: identify the cause of cirrhosis of the liver, such as hepatitis B caused by, adhere to lamivudine or adefovir, entecavir and other antiviral drugs to control viral replication; back Yellow Liver treatment; on a regular basis liver function, AFP, liver b ultra, hepatitis B DNA. Department of Gastroenterology recommendations to be endoscopy, esophageal and gastric look at the extent varicose veins.
Aspects of diet and daily life pay attention to rest, avoid alcohol, avoid oily, avoid rough foods (bamboo shoots, shrimp, etc.) about the situation if there is: If is difficult to eliminate the ascites, bilirubin continued to rise beyond the control of> 500, hepatic encephalopathy , hepatorenal syndrome (decreased urine output, or no urine), esophageal and gastric venous blood (expressed as vomiting blood or black tarry), or cause other serious complications affect your quality of life, liver transplantation may be considered stem cells Transplantation, currently only a few military hospitals in clinical trials, not yet approved by the Ministry of Health to carry out.
Kidney transplant in January 2007
March 2009 diagnosis of ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly treatment of ascites Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai
April 2010 in Shandong Qilu Hospital no effect, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase normal, R-GGT 300, ALP 400, poor renal function, serum creatinine 170
And effectiveness of treatment was:
March 2009 diagnosis of ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly treatment of ascites Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai
April 2010 Qilu Hospital of Shandong no effect, poor renal function, serum creatinine 170
Feel no treatment
How do want to help:
Would like to ask a specific treatment, and liver transplantation can it? There is a stem cell transplant treatment for it?
Best answer
Appropriate concentration, liver and kidney syndrome can not be called (especially in patients with cirrhosis of the liver stage, because the poor liver function affect kidney function, resulting in oliguria or anuria)
Liver transplantation is currently no strong indications, current treatment recommendations: identify the cause of cirrhosis of the liver, such as hepatitis B caused by, adhere to lamivudine or adefovir, entecavir and other antiviral drugs to control viral replication; back Yellow Liver treatment; on a regular basis liver function, AFP, liver b ultra, hepatitis B DNA. Department of Gastroenterology recommendations to be endoscopy, esophageal and gastric look at the extent varicose veins.
Aspects of diet and daily life pay attention to rest, avoid alcohol, avoid oily, avoid rough foods (bamboo shoots, shrimp, etc.) about the situation if there is: If is difficult to eliminate the ascites, bilirubin continued to rise beyond the control of> 500, hepatic encephalopathy , hepatorenal syndrome (decreased urine output, or no urine), esophageal and gastric venous blood (expressed as vomiting blood or black tarry), or cause other serious complications affect your quality of life, liver transplantation may be considered stem cells Transplantation, currently only a few military hospitals in clinical trials, not yet approved by the Ministry of Health to carry out.
The benefits and disadvantages of renal transplantation?
Consider a kidney transplant
But the fear of risks
If you do go on dialysis has been
Renal transplantation done to seek suggestions
In the end or not to transplant?
After transplantation can live like a normal person?
How long that will use the bad kidney? I'm afraid of is that bad for a year later, and if by that time the money was gone too dialysis ..
Questions added:
There is a relative to donate the kidney if the words are not just need surgery just fine?
Best answer
Hello, I suggest you best kidney transplant, I have personally experienced, you can work even after a kidney transplant, as long as you cherish, take good care of the kidney, preferably with relatives, the success rate is very high, And eat less medication after surgery, dialysis, have 400 or so it once, and you would if a regular dialysis is necessary to 2,3 times a week, but also a lot of money, you change the kidney, much less by the crime, ah, you Do not listen to other people to save money, said first trace analysis, trace analysis of a week before you and a few days time to make money! And dialysis on the body is very good! Bad for the heart, and the longer the dialysis, the worse the body! I have personal experience, I am a long time because of dialysis, once into the emergency room, before deciding on a kidney transplant, your body will change day to day after renal good.
Do not know what you need transplants kidney transplantation is relative to you, or in the hospital waiting renal transplantation, if the former, then the risk to not be significant because family members living under normal circumstances 98 per cent transplantation success, if it is risk of renal transplantation in a slightly larger, but also more than 90 percent, and now our technology is very mature. The so-called renal transplantation and dialysis comparison is their pros and cons, and kidney transplantation has the advantage of improved quality of life, which can live like a normal person, but requires a lot of medication, drug prices are relatively higher for hemodialysis, As to how long it would use the bad kidney, it depends on the extent and maintenance of your own luck, and most likely a year to bad only a few percent, the price of kidney transplantation is still relatively high, generally if it is cadaveric renal transplants need the cost of 10 million, if you finish on the money renal transplant dialysis, and I still do not think you do, you can make money while dialysis side, until the economy allowed to conduct kidney transplant. Maybe I'm just saying maybe, after the science developed, you can use the cloned animals, the kidney transplant. If only you only need to pay relatives of transplant surgery costs can, of course, ah, what the cost of surgical treatment, if you have access to health care can be catastrophic if aid reimbursement, but the kidney transplant to give you all the costs that families can only privately can not be reimbursed
Two advantages of kidney transplantation
First, the long-term hemodialysis is not only costly, but will lead to a variety of other complications, can be compared with the dialysis uremic kidney transplant patients to save a more effective treatment, is currently the Western most effective treatment for kidney disease a treatment.
Second, after renal transplantation, due to rapid recovery of renal function, eliminating the pain of dialysis, diet without too many restrictions than before, which improves the quality of life, but also improve the ability to work and sexual life, increase the chance of pregnancy, a fundamental uremic symptoms under control.
Disadvantages of the six renal transplant
First, the complications of renal transplantation
(1) infection: transplant recipients are prone to infection because: ① patients suffered a large blood vessels and urinary tract surgery, a temporary decrease in resistance; ② inherent in uremic patients with decreased immunity; ③ immunosuppressive drugs applications, the common site of infection are: lung infection, urinary tract infections, wound infections.
(2) cardiovascular complications: cardiovascular complications after renal transplantation is the second leading cause of death. Including hypertension, heart failure, hyperlipidemia and so on.
(3) digestive complications include: abnormal liver function, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and acute pancreatitis.
(4) the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities: including hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, renal dysfunction, diabetes, hyperuricemia, bone disease, sexual dysfunction.
(5) the blood system complications: polycythemia, blood rheology changes (patients with different degrees of increased whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity increases), bone marrow suppression.
(6) tumor: tumors in patients after renal transplantation the incidence of about 2% to 25%, tumors 3 sources: ① from the kidney (renal cell carcinoma, metastasis to the kidney tumor), rare; ② surgery recipients pre-existing tumor recurrence; ③ new onset of tumors. The latter is very common.
(7), the recurrence of kidney disease: occurrence of renal transplant kidney after renal transplantation, there are three sources: ① pre-existing kidney disease, mostly IgA nephropathy, such cases are rare; ② new and different with the primary disease occurred in kidney disease such as infection of glomerular disease, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental renal disease; ③ recurrence of primary disease, more common.
Second, the long-term survival of low
To carry out the first kidney transplant in China, but also a more mature technology. Although renal transplantation has been very satisfactory curative effect, the average survival rate of 94% a year or more, but in the long run, the effect is not satisfactory, and died of renal function in patients with more and more deaths than the kidney transplant for 40%. If renal function purely from the point of view, the operation is undoubtedly successful, but if the patient finally died, no matter what the reasons are, these transplants seem to have lost its meaning. At present, most medical institutions will focus attention in the preoperative donor and above the success rate of surgery on long-term survival after transplantation of organs and the survival rate of generally low quality of the cognitive. Accepted in many organ transplant patients, their long-term survival in the end how much they accept the quality of life after organ transplantation have improved much? Can come to the medical data is almost rare.
Present threat of long-term survival of renal transplant patients the main problem is drug toxicity, cardiovascular disease, viral infection, rejection, and the patient can not follow the doctor's guidance of long-term adherence, and poor compliance. Despite progress in recent years, anti-rejection drugs to kidney transplant patients greatly improved survival rates, but compared with the transplant surgery itself and postoperative medical care, rational drug use, diet exercise and living habits are equally important.
Clinically, the infection after transplantation has become the most important faced by doctors and patients, especially post-transplant CMV infection. Global data, 50% of patients after transplantation CMV infection occurs. Domestic migration statistics from the database results, the detection of CMV infection rate increasing, single-kidney transplant last year, 21% of patients have had infections after transplantation. Also symptomatic CMV infection in renal transplantation, liver transplantation, heart transplantation and heart - lung transplantation in the incidence rates were 8%, 29%, 25% and 39%. If after transplantation, CMV infection occurs, can lead to many serious consequences, such as increasing the incidence of acute and chronic rejection, cardiovascular disease, the incidence of diabetes after transplantation to reduce long-term survival and so on.
Cardiovascular disease is life-threatening kidney transplant patients the primary factor, approximately 50% of kidney transplant patients die of cardiovascular disease. The key factor in causing cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure are grafting and high cholesterol.
Some experts pointed out that six months after kidney transplantation is still 25% to 40% of kidney transplant patients will gradually appear renal dysfunction, proteinuria, progressive renal anemia and other smaller in size and appeared in the 10 years renal failure. Including chronic renal function loss after 6 months to several years after, patients often have no discomfort.
Third, do not for the crowd
Disease patients following renal transplantation should not do: schizophrenia, metastatic tumors, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, had disseminated tuberculosis, refractory heart failure, blood coagulation deficiency , nodular nodosa, coccidioidomycosis, acquired immunodeficiency disease, Fabry's disease, primary oxalate urine disease.
Fourth, rejection after kidney transplantation is difficult to avoid
Renal transplant rejection is an immune response, the transplanted kidney was the presence of allogeneic antigen, a kidney transplant the immune system to the allogeneic antigens and humoral immune response cells, the immune response is rejection. According to clinical manifestations, pathology, etc. will be divided into four rejection, its clinical manifestations, mechanisms and prevention methods differ.
Hyperacute rejection: it is usually in the renal blood vessels connected with the receptor within 48 hours, the fastest place in a few minutes. Of hyperacute rejection is currently no effective treatment, once the graft had to be removed, ready to re-transplantation.
Accelerated rejection reaction: occurs 3-5 days after surgery, kidney transplantation showed significant swelling, tenderness, fever patients, oliguria, and high blood pressure, serum creatinine, and white blood cells increased significantly.
Acute rejection: in one week after kidney transplantation, and may coexist with chronic rejection. Patients showed fever, decreased urine output, hypertension, renal tenderness, elevated serum creatinine, and now because of cyclosporin A and other applications, clinical performance has not typical, may be the only change in renal function.
Chronic rejection: generally occurs after six months in renal transplantation, the earliest in three months later. Performance of renal function gradually decreased, with proteinuria or hematuria, blood pressure, slow the disease progress, eventually leading to loss of renal function. Chronic rejection are currently no definite effective treatment.
Fifth, patients must take anti-rejection drugs for life
Rejection of renal transplant patients may face problems at any time. Although the effect of anti-rejection drugs continue to make progress, improve short-term graft survival, but do not have much use for chronic rejection, in the event, the ultimate progressive loss of renal function, need further dialysis. And long-term use of anti-rejection drugs, may reduce the body's immune function, resulting in rejection or infection occurred in patients with causes of death. While the incidence of cancer may be several times normal. Another anti-rejection drugs can cause liver and kidney toxicity, high blood sugar and osteoporosis.
Sixth, the high cost of kidney transplant
The costs of kidney transplantation and the hospital charges, at public expense at their own expense, and other factors, whether the operation successful relationship. Generally goes well, the provincial hospital care, surgery, drugs, treatment, inspection fees, fees, a total of 7-10 million per bed, after the success of anti-rejection drugs needed 3-10 million per year (made the cheap, imported expensive), the dosage must be guaranteed the first year, gradually reduce the dosage. This is an average family can not afford the expenses.
But the fear of risks
If you do go on dialysis has been
Renal transplantation done to seek suggestions
In the end or not to transplant?
After transplantation can live like a normal person?
How long that will use the bad kidney? I'm afraid of is that bad for a year later, and if by that time the money was gone too dialysis ..
Questions added:
There is a relative to donate the kidney if the words are not just need surgery just fine?
Best answer
Hello, I suggest you best kidney transplant, I have personally experienced, you can work even after a kidney transplant, as long as you cherish, take good care of the kidney, preferably with relatives, the success rate is very high, And eat less medication after surgery, dialysis, have 400 or so it once, and you would if a regular dialysis is necessary to 2,3 times a week, but also a lot of money, you change the kidney, much less by the crime, ah, you Do not listen to other people to save money, said first trace analysis, trace analysis of a week before you and a few days time to make money! And dialysis on the body is very good! Bad for the heart, and the longer the dialysis, the worse the body! I have personal experience, I am a long time because of dialysis, once into the emergency room, before deciding on a kidney transplant, your body will change day to day after renal good.
Do not know what you need transplants kidney transplantation is relative to you, or in the hospital waiting renal transplantation, if the former, then the risk to not be significant because family members living under normal circumstances 98 per cent transplantation success, if it is risk of renal transplantation in a slightly larger, but also more than 90 percent, and now our technology is very mature. The so-called renal transplantation and dialysis comparison is their pros and cons, and kidney transplantation has the advantage of improved quality of life, which can live like a normal person, but requires a lot of medication, drug prices are relatively higher for hemodialysis, As to how long it would use the bad kidney, it depends on the extent and maintenance of your own luck, and most likely a year to bad only a few percent, the price of kidney transplantation is still relatively high, generally if it is cadaveric renal transplants need the cost of 10 million, if you finish on the money renal transplant dialysis, and I still do not think you do, you can make money while dialysis side, until the economy allowed to conduct kidney transplant. Maybe I'm just saying maybe, after the science developed, you can use the cloned animals, the kidney transplant. If only you only need to pay relatives of transplant surgery costs can, of course, ah, what the cost of surgical treatment, if you have access to health care can be catastrophic if aid reimbursement, but the kidney transplant to give you all the costs that families can only privately can not be reimbursed
Two advantages of kidney transplantation
First, the long-term hemodialysis is not only costly, but will lead to a variety of other complications, can be compared with the dialysis uremic kidney transplant patients to save a more effective treatment, is currently the Western most effective treatment for kidney disease a treatment.
Second, after renal transplantation, due to rapid recovery of renal function, eliminating the pain of dialysis, diet without too many restrictions than before, which improves the quality of life, but also improve the ability to work and sexual life, increase the chance of pregnancy, a fundamental uremic symptoms under control.
Disadvantages of the six renal transplant
First, the complications of renal transplantation
(1) infection: transplant recipients are prone to infection because: ① patients suffered a large blood vessels and urinary tract surgery, a temporary decrease in resistance; ② inherent in uremic patients with decreased immunity; ③ immunosuppressive drugs applications, the common site of infection are: lung infection, urinary tract infections, wound infections.
(2) cardiovascular complications: cardiovascular complications after renal transplantation is the second leading cause of death. Including hypertension, heart failure, hyperlipidemia and so on.
(3) digestive complications include: abnormal liver function, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and acute pancreatitis.
(4) the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities: including hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, renal dysfunction, diabetes, hyperuricemia, bone disease, sexual dysfunction.
(5) the blood system complications: polycythemia, blood rheology changes (patients with different degrees of increased whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity increases), bone marrow suppression.
(6) tumor: tumors in patients after renal transplantation the incidence of about 2% to 25%, tumors 3 sources: ① from the kidney (renal cell carcinoma, metastasis to the kidney tumor), rare; ② surgery recipients pre-existing tumor recurrence; ③ new onset of tumors. The latter is very common.
(7), the recurrence of kidney disease: occurrence of renal transplant kidney after renal transplantation, there are three sources: ① pre-existing kidney disease, mostly IgA nephropathy, such cases are rare; ② new and different with the primary disease occurred in kidney disease such as infection of glomerular disease, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental renal disease; ③ recurrence of primary disease, more common.
Second, the long-term survival of low
To carry out the first kidney transplant in China, but also a more mature technology. Although renal transplantation has been very satisfactory curative effect, the average survival rate of 94% a year or more, but in the long run, the effect is not satisfactory, and died of renal function in patients with more and more deaths than the kidney transplant for 40%. If renal function purely from the point of view, the operation is undoubtedly successful, but if the patient finally died, no matter what the reasons are, these transplants seem to have lost its meaning. At present, most medical institutions will focus attention in the preoperative donor and above the success rate of surgery on long-term survival after transplantation of organs and the survival rate of generally low quality of the cognitive. Accepted in many organ transplant patients, their long-term survival in the end how much they accept the quality of life after organ transplantation have improved much? Can come to the medical data is almost rare.
Present threat of long-term survival of renal transplant patients the main problem is drug toxicity, cardiovascular disease, viral infection, rejection, and the patient can not follow the doctor's guidance of long-term adherence, and poor compliance. Despite progress in recent years, anti-rejection drugs to kidney transplant patients greatly improved survival rates, but compared with the transplant surgery itself and postoperative medical care, rational drug use, diet exercise and living habits are equally important.
Clinically, the infection after transplantation has become the most important faced by doctors and patients, especially post-transplant CMV infection. Global data, 50% of patients after transplantation CMV infection occurs. Domestic migration statistics from the database results, the detection of CMV infection rate increasing, single-kidney transplant last year, 21% of patients have had infections after transplantation. Also symptomatic CMV infection in renal transplantation, liver transplantation, heart transplantation and heart - lung transplantation in the incidence rates were 8%, 29%, 25% and 39%. If after transplantation, CMV infection occurs, can lead to many serious consequences, such as increasing the incidence of acute and chronic rejection, cardiovascular disease, the incidence of diabetes after transplantation to reduce long-term survival and so on.
Cardiovascular disease is life-threatening kidney transplant patients the primary factor, approximately 50% of kidney transplant patients die of cardiovascular disease. The key factor in causing cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure are grafting and high cholesterol.
Some experts pointed out that six months after kidney transplantation is still 25% to 40% of kidney transplant patients will gradually appear renal dysfunction, proteinuria, progressive renal anemia and other smaller in size and appeared in the 10 years renal failure. Including chronic renal function loss after 6 months to several years after, patients often have no discomfort.
Third, do not for the crowd
Disease patients following renal transplantation should not do: schizophrenia, metastatic tumors, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, had disseminated tuberculosis, refractory heart failure, blood coagulation deficiency , nodular nodosa, coccidioidomycosis, acquired immunodeficiency disease, Fabry's disease, primary oxalate urine disease.
Fourth, rejection after kidney transplantation is difficult to avoid
Renal transplant rejection is an immune response, the transplanted kidney was the presence of allogeneic antigen, a kidney transplant the immune system to the allogeneic antigens and humoral immune response cells, the immune response is rejection. According to clinical manifestations, pathology, etc. will be divided into four rejection, its clinical manifestations, mechanisms and prevention methods differ.
Hyperacute rejection: it is usually in the renal blood vessels connected with the receptor within 48 hours, the fastest place in a few minutes. Of hyperacute rejection is currently no effective treatment, once the graft had to be removed, ready to re-transplantation.
Accelerated rejection reaction: occurs 3-5 days after surgery, kidney transplantation showed significant swelling, tenderness, fever patients, oliguria, and high blood pressure, serum creatinine, and white blood cells increased significantly.
Acute rejection: in one week after kidney transplantation, and may coexist with chronic rejection. Patients showed fever, decreased urine output, hypertension, renal tenderness, elevated serum creatinine, and now because of cyclosporin A and other applications, clinical performance has not typical, may be the only change in renal function.
Chronic rejection: generally occurs after six months in renal transplantation, the earliest in three months later. Performance of renal function gradually decreased, with proteinuria or hematuria, blood pressure, slow the disease progress, eventually leading to loss of renal function. Chronic rejection are currently no definite effective treatment.
Fifth, patients must take anti-rejection drugs for life
Rejection of renal transplant patients may face problems at any time. Although the effect of anti-rejection drugs continue to make progress, improve short-term graft survival, but do not have much use for chronic rejection, in the event, the ultimate progressive loss of renal function, need further dialysis. And long-term use of anti-rejection drugs, may reduce the body's immune function, resulting in rejection or infection occurred in patients with causes of death. While the incidence of cancer may be several times normal. Another anti-rejection drugs can cause liver and kidney toxicity, high blood sugar and osteoporosis.
Sixth, the high cost of kidney transplant
The costs of kidney transplantation and the hospital charges, at public expense at their own expense, and other factors, whether the operation successful relationship. Generally goes well, the provincial hospital care, surgery, drugs, treatment, inspection fees, fees, a total of 7-10 million per bed, after the success of anti-rejection drugs needed 3-10 million per year (made the cheap, imported expensive), the dosage must be guaranteed the first year, gradually reduce the dosage. This is an average family can not afford the expenses.
Problems after kidney transplantation
Kidney transplant, my body still in the old kidneys work? There is no relationship between vascular cut off?
If you do not cut off the relationship and blood vessels, the old injury of renal glomerular filtration rate decreased, there is protein, right? So why not change the renal protein after it?
Questions added:
Why stop the blood by the original kidneys are not up there?
After renal transplantation, the original kidney filtration rate will gradually cease, will direct the new kidneys filter blood, so naturally proteinuria disappeared, but sometimes also have some original kidney protein, only very small amounts Less and less able to detect almost, like, like water pipes, two pipes, one blocked, and only a small amount of water through the other one is adopted by most of the water ah, of course, will gradually stop, do not you think After the original kidney in renal transplant will slowly recover? the original internal structure of the kidney has been destroyed, of course, will slowly decline until the total loss of function
If you do not cut off the relationship and blood vessels, the old injury of renal glomerular filtration rate decreased, there is protein, right? So why not change the renal protein after it?
Questions added:
Why stop the blood by the original kidneys are not up there?
After renal transplantation, the original kidney filtration rate will gradually cease, will direct the new kidneys filter blood, so naturally proteinuria disappeared, but sometimes also have some original kidney protein, only very small amounts Less and less able to detect almost, like, like water pipes, two pipes, one blocked, and only a small amount of water through the other one is adopted by most of the water ah, of course, will gradually stop, do not you think After the original kidney in renal transplant will slowly recover? the original internal structure of the kidney has been destroyed, of course, will slowly decline until the total loss of function
How after renal transplantation?
Hello friend, I wish you a happy New Year, the following is the information I'm looking for, I hope to help you, I wish you a happy happy day!
How nourishing care after renal transplantation
1. Kisaragi after several female patients, hemoglobin decreased, available gelatin, iron agents.
2. Frail, Chinese dialectical middle-aged patients for the deficiency, it can take Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, Qijudihuang fluid.
3. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the proposed long-term use VitE 0.1g once a day.
4. Cordyceps sinensis, Bailing capsule can increase resistance to infection, collaborative anti-rejection.
5. Immunostimulants should not be taken, kidney health medicine should not be used.
6. Has a renal toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine, such as Mu Tong, Magnolia, and other non-application of triptolide.
7. Smoking causes high blood pressure, affect the renal blood supply, it should not smoke.
8. Liquor liver damage, lung injury hot rice wine, renal transplant patients with the best wine keeps.
Note that after transplantation, food, shelter,
Transplantation due to the long use of immunosuppressive agents, to varying degrees, affect the body, easy to cause infection, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity. Transplantation hypertension, diabetes, obesity and high cholesterol as a common factor with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is the long-term survival of transplanted kidney an important factor, so after transplantation, food, shelter, treatment with immunosuppressive agents, like the health of transplant patients plays an equally important role.
Eat: Friends of the transplanted kidney is usually concerned about the amount of creatinine, eating problems are often overlooked dialysis. Reported in the literature: Hyperlipidemia is one of common complications after transplantation. Rate was 50% -61%. Because hormones can increase the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, the transplant cyclosporine A conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, which affect the lipid metabolism, hormones, the dose of cyclosporine A and was proportional to serum lipid levels after surgery. Hyperlipidemia is a factor of early atherosclerosis, because cholesterol levels are too high, easy to wax formation in the vascular wall plaques, resulting in wall thickening, hardening, obstruction, resulting in arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. We should, through proper diet to reduce cardiovascular risk factors.
Diet principles: high quality protein, high vitamin, low fat, low sugar. Note that non-staple food with meat and vegetables, species to be more with the thickness of the staple food, the number should be less. Eat small meals often.
Note that limit the intake of animal fat, the fat, animal offal, squid, shellfish and grilled try not to eat fried foods; vegetable oil to sesame oil, soybean oil, corn oil is appropriate; normal amount to eat poultry, fish often class, fish contains a wealth of high quality protein, which contains many essential amino acids, and the ratio is also very close, therefore, more suitable for human needs; fish, unsaturated fatty acids can reduce blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels at the same time can reduce the sensitivity of platelet aggregation, thus helping to prevent atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Function and chronic rejection of kidney micro-thrombosis and should therefore be to eat fish as an important part of diet; general, eat 1-2 times a week for good, qualified and once every 1-2 days to eat better . Fresh vegetables, onion, kelp, seaweed, etc., will help to improve lipid metabolism. Folic acid supplements to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke have an important role; experts suggest should be noted that many foods rich in folic acid intake. Folate-rich foods: red cabbage, spinach, asparagus, and asparagus. Sugar and its products better not. Fruit and 150-300g / d, generally no more than 250g appropriate. More sugar, herbs are likely to cause diabetes. If middle of the night hungry, eat fruit at bedtime. Avoid using food to improve immune function, such as white fungus, black fungus, mushrooms, red dates, royal jelly and ginseng, etc., so as not to reduce the role of the immune graft. Immunosuppressive agents can inhibit calcium absorption, increased discharge, long-term use can lead to osteoporosis, bone and joint pain occurs, lower back pain, backache, leg cramps, tetany and so on. Should be noted that calcium, in addition to milk, but also more consumption of other calcium-rich foods, such as dairy products, small shrimp, thick soup bones, calcium is the best food sources of dairy products, not only high calcium, and absorption rate was also high. Eat less prone to cause allergic to shrimp, crab, shellfish aquaculture shallow water deprivation. Eat less spicy food, avoid alcohol, smoking. Avoid some of the so-called toxic to the kidneys detoxification food cool. Deprivation in patients with high uric acid broth.
Live: Friends of immune function of renal transplantation, the risk of infection. Usually pay attention to keep premises clean, pay attention to ventilation ventilation, fresh air, try to use less air conditioning, air-conditioning are, pay attention to air filter mask to be cleaned once a week. Woman with a cold or flu season who used white vinegar fumigation room. Note early hours, to ensure adequate sleep in order to increase the important organs of nutrition, reserve protein, prevent complications, bed hepatic, renal blood flow increased when compared with 50% standing. Note that underwear should be loose sleep, it makes the muscles relax, help to improve sleep quality.
Line: includes two aspects, one is the appropriate physical exercise, maintaining ideal body weight. The standards of ideal body weight: male: height -105 = ideal body weight, female: height -110 = ideal body weight, more than 20% of the standard is the obese, 10% were overweight. Many people after renal transplantation with varying degrees of overweight or obese. Hormone causes the one hand, the other aspect is the reason after surgery to reduce the amount of exercise, weight gain, blood pressure can increase, when more than 15% body weight, systolic blood pressure to increase 18%. This increases the risk of coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular disease of the opportunity. The use of immunosuppressive agents to determine the dosage based on body weight. Short-term gain weight too fast, actually reduce the amount of drugs has increased the risk of rejection. Therefore, to control weight gain, to avoid the lack of immunosuppressive doses of want. Appropriate exercise can help lose weight. Exercise can promote muscle glucose uptake and utilization, reduce fat deposition, maintaining arterial wall elasticity, and its main mode of walking, tai chi, qigong, of which the safest and most convenient walk, walk in the morning, evening or temporary before sleeping. The speed and time according to the number of individual physical condition. The outdoor fresh air, walk, walk for a long time, the diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased, prevention and treatment of high blood pressure is a simple exercise method. Tai Chi gentle movements, to relax blood vessels to relax muscles and promote blood pressure. Shadow boxing with the idea of the boot when the action, thoughts focused, quiet state of mind, help to eliminate stress factors that stimulate the human body, Tai Chi involves balancing and coordination. A wide range of Tai Chi Chuan, there is prosperity there are simple, according to each situation of their choice. Tai Chi exercise 30 minutes a day, for many years persistent, can significantly improve the body's high-density lipoprotein levels. High-density lipoprotein deposition in the vascular wall can be removed, causing atherosclerosis of LDL, the role of the prevention of hardening of the arteries, blood vessels formed by the kidney, thereby indirectly protecting the kidneys.
Another line is caving trip, when they go out take plenty of oral medication, in order to ensure regular quantitative medicine. Renal transplantation immunity is low, try to avoid going to crowded places, going to pay attention to protection, not a long exposure to the sun, to prevent solar dermatitis and skin cancer.
3, to improve their literacy and psychological quality, good emotion regulation
Mental, psychological factors affecting the treatment of dialysis patients and health effects, positive and optimistic attitude can increase capacity in patients with stress. Stress, anxiety, sympathetic activity will lead to high blood pressure. . In the tension, anxiety, anger and other negative emotions do not cause stimulation of steroid hormone increased, reducing the role of foreign bodies swallowed, the use of immunity to decline further, leading to accelerated spread of germs and viruses. A mental health reason people can control the emotion, not to capture emotions, learn self-regulation and emotional self-control to do this:
(1) Ning Jing God: heart open-minded, to the right to face reality, do not have too many requirements. Correctly deal with the problems encountered in life to prevent angry, good fun, could get the play, the next release, can try to calm yourself down. God of peace of mind and quiet.
(2) transfer of exciting kitchen: When the event of illness, mental hardships of Disaster, the mind will have a strong exciting kitchen, this time to establish if one or more other exciting new kitchen can be offset or dilute the center of the original and consciously do something else to divert attention, with the transfer method in order to escape.
(3) a reasonable outlet: give vent to their feelings should be put to vent out of depression, restore mental balance. Through the diary, singing, etc. to tell friends to carry out.
(4) proper restraint: emotions should be the normal vent, on the negative emotions will have control of the vent is simply a reasonable and appropriate control is rational, control their feelings, to avoid the bad feelings over-stimulation.
(5) his sense of humor: Humor is the spirit of the disinfectant, the appropriate spirit of Ah Q is needed, experience difficulty, complicated the heart of things, it is unwise blindly angry, is to take someone else's mistakes punish yourself. When treatment can not achieve their goals, can not give up, to fully mobilize their potential and actively cooperate with doctors and nurses.
⒋ regular follow timely treatment, will take part in dialysis, more exchanges with the dialysis
Friends of kidney transplant recipients is a major event in life, long-term, regular follow-up is to ensure the health of transplant patients. Is a very important and need to adhere to a lifetime thing. Dialysis patients is limited understanding of medical knowledge, not from that long illness into health, determine their own illness, good at is doing, through timely follow-up to early detection and early treatment of problems. Will take part in dialysis, more exchanges with the dialysis, the graft through the same friends, it is easy to close, the exchange made to alleviate stress and improve quality of life experience, have a good influence each other, mutual penetration role in help encourage others, but also improve their self-confidence. In "transplant family" to do one big family happy to share, we are happy, we share a pain, reduced suffering
How nourishing care after renal transplantation
1. Kisaragi after several female patients, hemoglobin decreased, available gelatin, iron agents.
2. Frail, Chinese dialectical middle-aged patients for the deficiency, it can take Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, Qijudihuang fluid.
3. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the proposed long-term use VitE 0.1g once a day.
4. Cordyceps sinensis, Bailing capsule can increase resistance to infection, collaborative anti-rejection.
5. Immunostimulants should not be taken, kidney health medicine should not be used.
6. Has a renal toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine, such as Mu Tong, Magnolia, and other non-application of triptolide.
7. Smoking causes high blood pressure, affect the renal blood supply, it should not smoke.
8. Liquor liver damage, lung injury hot rice wine, renal transplant patients with the best wine keeps.
Note that after transplantation, food, shelter,
Transplantation due to the long use of immunosuppressive agents, to varying degrees, affect the body, easy to cause infection, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity. Transplantation hypertension, diabetes, obesity and high cholesterol as a common factor with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is the long-term survival of transplanted kidney an important factor, so after transplantation, food, shelter, treatment with immunosuppressive agents, like the health of transplant patients plays an equally important role.
Eat: Friends of the transplanted kidney is usually concerned about the amount of creatinine, eating problems are often overlooked dialysis. Reported in the literature: Hyperlipidemia is one of common complications after transplantation. Rate was 50% -61%. Because hormones can increase the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, the transplant cyclosporine A conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, which affect the lipid metabolism, hormones, the dose of cyclosporine A and was proportional to serum lipid levels after surgery. Hyperlipidemia is a factor of early atherosclerosis, because cholesterol levels are too high, easy to wax formation in the vascular wall plaques, resulting in wall thickening, hardening, obstruction, resulting in arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. We should, through proper diet to reduce cardiovascular risk factors.
Diet principles: high quality protein, high vitamin, low fat, low sugar. Note that non-staple food with meat and vegetables, species to be more with the thickness of the staple food, the number should be less. Eat small meals often.
Note that limit the intake of animal fat, the fat, animal offal, squid, shellfish and grilled try not to eat fried foods; vegetable oil to sesame oil, soybean oil, corn oil is appropriate; normal amount to eat poultry, fish often class, fish contains a wealth of high quality protein, which contains many essential amino acids, and the ratio is also very close, therefore, more suitable for human needs; fish, unsaturated fatty acids can reduce blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels at the same time can reduce the sensitivity of platelet aggregation, thus helping to prevent atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Function and chronic rejection of kidney micro-thrombosis and should therefore be to eat fish as an important part of diet; general, eat 1-2 times a week for good, qualified and once every 1-2 days to eat better . Fresh vegetables, onion, kelp, seaweed, etc., will help to improve lipid metabolism. Folic acid supplements to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke have an important role; experts suggest should be noted that many foods rich in folic acid intake. Folate-rich foods: red cabbage, spinach, asparagus, and asparagus. Sugar and its products better not. Fruit and 150-300g / d, generally no more than 250g appropriate. More sugar, herbs are likely to cause diabetes. If middle of the night hungry, eat fruit at bedtime. Avoid using food to improve immune function, such as white fungus, black fungus, mushrooms, red dates, royal jelly and ginseng, etc., so as not to reduce the role of the immune graft. Immunosuppressive agents can inhibit calcium absorption, increased discharge, long-term use can lead to osteoporosis, bone and joint pain occurs, lower back pain, backache, leg cramps, tetany and so on. Should be noted that calcium, in addition to milk, but also more consumption of other calcium-rich foods, such as dairy products, small shrimp, thick soup bones, calcium is the best food sources of dairy products, not only high calcium, and absorption rate was also high. Eat less prone to cause allergic to shrimp, crab, shellfish aquaculture shallow water deprivation. Eat less spicy food, avoid alcohol, smoking. Avoid some of the so-called toxic to the kidneys detoxification food cool. Deprivation in patients with high uric acid broth.
Live: Friends of immune function of renal transplantation, the risk of infection. Usually pay attention to keep premises clean, pay attention to ventilation ventilation, fresh air, try to use less air conditioning, air-conditioning are, pay attention to air filter mask to be cleaned once a week. Woman with a cold or flu season who used white vinegar fumigation room. Note early hours, to ensure adequate sleep in order to increase the important organs of nutrition, reserve protein, prevent complications, bed hepatic, renal blood flow increased when compared with 50% standing. Note that underwear should be loose sleep, it makes the muscles relax, help to improve sleep quality.
Line: includes two aspects, one is the appropriate physical exercise, maintaining ideal body weight. The standards of ideal body weight: male: height -105 = ideal body weight, female: height -110 = ideal body weight, more than 20% of the standard is the obese, 10% were overweight. Many people after renal transplantation with varying degrees of overweight or obese. Hormone causes the one hand, the other aspect is the reason after surgery to reduce the amount of exercise, weight gain, blood pressure can increase, when more than 15% body weight, systolic blood pressure to increase 18%. This increases the risk of coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular disease of the opportunity. The use of immunosuppressive agents to determine the dosage based on body weight. Short-term gain weight too fast, actually reduce the amount of drugs has increased the risk of rejection. Therefore, to control weight gain, to avoid the lack of immunosuppressive doses of want. Appropriate exercise can help lose weight. Exercise can promote muscle glucose uptake and utilization, reduce fat deposition, maintaining arterial wall elasticity, and its main mode of walking, tai chi, qigong, of which the safest and most convenient walk, walk in the morning, evening or temporary before sleeping. The speed and time according to the number of individual physical condition. The outdoor fresh air, walk, walk for a long time, the diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased, prevention and treatment of high blood pressure is a simple exercise method. Tai Chi gentle movements, to relax blood vessels to relax muscles and promote blood pressure. Shadow boxing with the idea of the boot when the action, thoughts focused, quiet state of mind, help to eliminate stress factors that stimulate the human body, Tai Chi involves balancing and coordination. A wide range of Tai Chi Chuan, there is prosperity there are simple, according to each situation of their choice. Tai Chi exercise 30 minutes a day, for many years persistent, can significantly improve the body's high-density lipoprotein levels. High-density lipoprotein deposition in the vascular wall can be removed, causing atherosclerosis of LDL, the role of the prevention of hardening of the arteries, blood vessels formed by the kidney, thereby indirectly protecting the kidneys.
Another line is caving trip, when they go out take plenty of oral medication, in order to ensure regular quantitative medicine. Renal transplantation immunity is low, try to avoid going to crowded places, going to pay attention to protection, not a long exposure to the sun, to prevent solar dermatitis and skin cancer.
3, to improve their literacy and psychological quality, good emotion regulation
Mental, psychological factors affecting the treatment of dialysis patients and health effects, positive and optimistic attitude can increase capacity in patients with stress. Stress, anxiety, sympathetic activity will lead to high blood pressure. . In the tension, anxiety, anger and other negative emotions do not cause stimulation of steroid hormone increased, reducing the role of foreign bodies swallowed, the use of immunity to decline further, leading to accelerated spread of germs and viruses. A mental health reason people can control the emotion, not to capture emotions, learn self-regulation and emotional self-control to do this:
(1) Ning Jing God: heart open-minded, to the right to face reality, do not have too many requirements. Correctly deal with the problems encountered in life to prevent angry, good fun, could get the play, the next release, can try to calm yourself down. God of peace of mind and quiet.
(2) transfer of exciting kitchen: When the event of illness, mental hardships of Disaster, the mind will have a strong exciting kitchen, this time to establish if one or more other exciting new kitchen can be offset or dilute the center of the original and consciously do something else to divert attention, with the transfer method in order to escape.
(3) a reasonable outlet: give vent to their feelings should be put to vent out of depression, restore mental balance. Through the diary, singing, etc. to tell friends to carry out.
(4) proper restraint: emotions should be the normal vent, on the negative emotions will have control of the vent is simply a reasonable and appropriate control is rational, control their feelings, to avoid the bad feelings over-stimulation.
(5) his sense of humor: Humor is the spirit of the disinfectant, the appropriate spirit of Ah Q is needed, experience difficulty, complicated the heart of things, it is unwise blindly angry, is to take someone else's mistakes punish yourself. When treatment can not achieve their goals, can not give up, to fully mobilize their potential and actively cooperate with doctors and nurses.
⒋ regular follow timely treatment, will take part in dialysis, more exchanges with the dialysis
Friends of kidney transplant recipients is a major event in life, long-term, regular follow-up is to ensure the health of transplant patients. Is a very important and need to adhere to a lifetime thing. Dialysis patients is limited understanding of medical knowledge, not from that long illness into health, determine their own illness, good at is doing, through timely follow-up to early detection and early treatment of problems. Will take part in dialysis, more exchanges with the dialysis, the graft through the same friends, it is easy to close, the exchange made to alleviate stress and improve quality of life experience, have a good influence each other, mutual penetration role in help encourage others, but also improve their self-confidence. In "transplant family" to do one big family happy to share, we are happy, we share a pain, reduced suffering
How daily diet should be noted after renal transplantation
Kidney transplantation from just counting until the disease was no question what it should be noted
Best answer
Diet on renal transplantation Notes
1, early after surgery and recovery (after a month) diet: then need adequate intake of protein and calories to maintain positive nitrogen balance and promote wound healing and reduce the risk of infection. Peristalsis is restored, can enter the liquid diet, such as: rice soup, lotus root starch, egg soup and so on. But do not drink milk too early, to avoid bloating. Then can be changed to semi-liquid diet, such as: soup noodles, eggs, soup, black soup, etc., and gradually transition to the normal diet.
2, the family's diet during recovery: time to leave the close medical monitoring, coupled with significantly increased appetite, weight gain faster, then they need to develop long-term dietary management objectives.
(1), Water: water intake per day should be more than 2000ml.
(2), Salt: Early after surgery should be low-salt diet, a daily salt intake generally 3 to 4 grams. After half a year less than 6 grams per day.
(3), Carbohydrates: including rice and pasta. Daily intake of 300 grams.
(4), protein: 60 kg adult body weight daily intake of 100 to 150 grams, the main consumption of milk, eggs, lean meat, blackfish, carp, crucian carp and so on.
(5), fat: do not eat fried foods, limit high cholesterol foods, such as organ meats, egg yolks, crab roe, roe, pig's trotters, pork skin, chicken skin and other intake. Recommended vegetable oil, chicken fat, fish and so on.
(6), Ca: calcium-rich food can be intermittent milk, pork ribs. Bone soup boil add a little vinegar may be appropriate, so as to increase the dissolution of calcium absorption.
3, improve the immune function of fasting with food and health care products: such as white fungus, black fungus, mushrooms, red dates, royal jelly, ginseng, Astragalus, Codonopsis, heterophylla, bowling participation, American ginseng, PUPS, fungus and so on.
4, attention to food hygiene: the immune function is low, so the choice of food must be fresh, good quality, avoid using food spoilage.
After renal transplantation, renal function recovery and the most important out rejection therapy, nutrition therapy is to protect the health and quality of life and prolong the life of the basic and links. For kidney transplant patients, must pay attention to and understanding of immunosuppressive drugs on nutrient metabolism and side effects brought about, and to take certain drugs and nutritional therapy appropriate measures to prevent and reduce complications caused by immunosuppressive drugs in order to maintain normal physiological function.
Dietary requirements:
Pre-and postoperative nutritional therapy:
1, early postoperative: 1-2 days after surgery, the surgery, anesthesia, bowel movements have not yet returned to normal, easy to cause abdominal distension, should be fasting.
2, after the beginning: After 2-3 days, recovery of bowel function, may give out low-sucrose or 3% sucrose, high quality protein liquid diet, adequate intake of protein restriction, lotus root starch-based energy sources, the daily calories as 500kcal. Protein 24g high quality protein which accounted for 80% or more.
3, after test meal period: 3-5 days after the test meal period may be given easy to digest, no stimulation, soft semi-liquid diet. Daily energy 1500-1700kcal/kg, protein 55-60g, salt, 4-5g.
4, early postoperative recovery: after 5-7 days to 2-3 months, should give high-quality protein, high vitamin, low-salt diet, daily energy 35-53kcal/kg, protein 1.6-2.4g/kg fruit no more than 250g. Drink plenty of water diuresis by fatty fish such as snakehead, carp, crucian carp, and melon, barley and other food. Also, pay attention to calcium, increasing milk 220ml-450ml, increase high-fiber foods. Taking cyclosporin A, the consumption of soda crackers 60g, fruits, 150-250g, in order to prevent or reduce drug stimulation of the gastric mucosa.
Postoperative recovery of nutritional therapy
1, heat: According to the patient's condition, sex, weight, height, physical activity, the labor intensity of calculating the daily energy requirements. Adult light manual labor by 30-35kcal/kg, maintain ideal body weight. Ideal body weight = Height (cm) -105, pay attention to the group of carbohydrate and fat intake, participate in appropriate physical activities.
2, protein, immunosuppressive agents can accelerate the decomposition of protein, inhibition of synthesis, protein consumption increased, so it should be appropriately increased supply of protein, adult daily press 1.3-1.6g/kg. (Except for infection and rejection)
3, beans and pasta supply: If serum creatinine continued in 140umol / L below the normal biochemical indexes, no obvious infection, rejection, patients in good health can be 3-6 months after surgery and after eating beans surface, soy products, with less than 50g.
Best answer
Diet on renal transplantation Notes
1, early after surgery and recovery (after a month) diet: then need adequate intake of protein and calories to maintain positive nitrogen balance and promote wound healing and reduce the risk of infection. Peristalsis is restored, can enter the liquid diet, such as: rice soup, lotus root starch, egg soup and so on. But do not drink milk too early, to avoid bloating. Then can be changed to semi-liquid diet, such as: soup noodles, eggs, soup, black soup, etc., and gradually transition to the normal diet.
2, the family's diet during recovery: time to leave the close medical monitoring, coupled with significantly increased appetite, weight gain faster, then they need to develop long-term dietary management objectives.
(1), Water: water intake per day should be more than 2000ml.
(2), Salt: Early after surgery should be low-salt diet, a daily salt intake generally 3 to 4 grams. After half a year less than 6 grams per day.
(3), Carbohydrates: including rice and pasta. Daily intake of 300 grams.
(4), protein: 60 kg adult body weight daily intake of 100 to 150 grams, the main consumption of milk, eggs, lean meat, blackfish, carp, crucian carp and so on.
(5), fat: do not eat fried foods, limit high cholesterol foods, such as organ meats, egg yolks, crab roe, roe, pig's trotters, pork skin, chicken skin and other intake. Recommended vegetable oil, chicken fat, fish and so on.
(6), Ca: calcium-rich food can be intermittent milk, pork ribs. Bone soup boil add a little vinegar may be appropriate, so as to increase the dissolution of calcium absorption.
3, improve the immune function of fasting with food and health care products: such as white fungus, black fungus, mushrooms, red dates, royal jelly, ginseng, Astragalus, Codonopsis, heterophylla, bowling participation, American ginseng, PUPS, fungus and so on.
4, attention to food hygiene: the immune function is low, so the choice of food must be fresh, good quality, avoid using food spoilage.
After renal transplantation, renal function recovery and the most important out rejection therapy, nutrition therapy is to protect the health and quality of life and prolong the life of the basic and links. For kidney transplant patients, must pay attention to and understanding of immunosuppressive drugs on nutrient metabolism and side effects brought about, and to take certain drugs and nutritional therapy appropriate measures to prevent and reduce complications caused by immunosuppressive drugs in order to maintain normal physiological function.
Dietary requirements:
Pre-and postoperative nutritional therapy:
1, early postoperative: 1-2 days after surgery, the surgery, anesthesia, bowel movements have not yet returned to normal, easy to cause abdominal distension, should be fasting.
2, after the beginning: After 2-3 days, recovery of bowel function, may give out low-sucrose or 3% sucrose, high quality protein liquid diet, adequate intake of protein restriction, lotus root starch-based energy sources, the daily calories as 500kcal. Protein 24g high quality protein which accounted for 80% or more.
3, after test meal period: 3-5 days after the test meal period may be given easy to digest, no stimulation, soft semi-liquid diet. Daily energy 1500-1700kcal/kg, protein 55-60g, salt, 4-5g.
4, early postoperative recovery: after 5-7 days to 2-3 months, should give high-quality protein, high vitamin, low-salt diet, daily energy 35-53kcal/kg, protein 1.6-2.4g/kg fruit no more than 250g. Drink plenty of water diuresis by fatty fish such as snakehead, carp, crucian carp, and melon, barley and other food. Also, pay attention to calcium, increasing milk 220ml-450ml, increase high-fiber foods. Taking cyclosporin A, the consumption of soda crackers 60g, fruits, 150-250g, in order to prevent or reduce drug stimulation of the gastric mucosa.
Postoperative recovery of nutritional therapy
1, heat: According to the patient's condition, sex, weight, height, physical activity, the labor intensity of calculating the daily energy requirements. Adult light manual labor by 30-35kcal/kg, maintain ideal body weight. Ideal body weight = Height (cm) -105, pay attention to the group of carbohydrate and fat intake, participate in appropriate physical activities.
2, protein, immunosuppressive agents can accelerate the decomposition of protein, inhibition of synthesis, protein consumption increased, so it should be appropriately increased supply of protein, adult daily press 1.3-1.6g/kg. (Except for infection and rejection)
3, beans and pasta supply: If serum creatinine continued in 140umol / L below the normal biochemical indexes, no obvious infection, rejection, patients in good health can be 3-6 months after surgery and after eating beans surface, soy products, with less than 50g.
Kidney transplant success rate?
Can be divided into acute and chronic renal failure, acute renal failure rapid progress of the disease, usually caused by insufficient blood supply to the kidney (such as trauma or burns), due to some factors of renal dysfunction or obstruction caused by toxic injury, causing the production of acute renal failure. The main reason for the long-term chronic renal failure, kidney disease, and disease as time progresses, the gradual decline in kidney function, resulting in renal failure. And this disease should be treated? Patients should pay attention to what everyday life? The contents of them out the next Oh!
Treatment focus
1. The treatment of kidney failure caused by reasons such as insufficient blood supply or blood loss, it will give patients replenish lost body fluids and water; if there is infection, then further treatment for the infection.
2. For renal function has been lost, so clinicians will be temporarily using dialysis method (commonly known as dialysis) to help remove toxins and waste; acute renal failure if not treated appropriately or can not control the disease to the acute evolved into chronic renal failure to uremia and may be life-long dialysis. (For dialysis information, please refer to the uremia articles)
3. Diet control, kidney failure patients, renal function due to damage, food to eat into the body, the resulting toxins and waste excreted not normal, and therefore must pay special attention to diet, to avoid Body burden:
a. protein restriction: No dialysis patients for renal protein metabolism can not be generated from the waste discharged, so that the situation is more severe renal failure, therefore, recommended to reduce the intake of protein; but if dialysis, then be noted that in dialysis will result in the loss of protein, it must meet the nutritionist's recommendations to maintain the body's needs.
b. limit sodium intake: a result of high salt containing sodium, in patients with renal failure the body if too much sodium and water retention can cause the body and cause heart and lung failure and kidney failure aggravated the situation. But do not use low-sodium, high in sodium content due to low potassium.
c. limit the intake of potassium: the accumulation of potassium can cause muscle weakness, severe cases can cause arrhythmia and cause the generation of heart failure.
d. limit the intake of phosphorus: phosphorus because the body will cause excessive loss of calcium, so doctors will use drugs to help control the phosphorus content in the blood, prevent the emergence of osteoporosis.
e. water intake: If too much water intake, the kidneys can not be ruled out, it will cause heart and lung edema, or failure, so moisture control is a very important issue, the doctor will be on a case the amount of urine, or dialysis to exclude the amount of water to determine the amount of water intake, generally in accordance with the previous day's urine output plus 500-750c.c.
4. Kidney Transplantation: Some patients with end stage renal failure, requiring long-term dialysis treatment, the patients themselves when conditions are suitable, kidney transplantation (transplant) can bring a better quality of life of patients; but a kidney transplant is a big project, though current medical technology has been quite good, still need to do a lot of pre-assessment, in order to improve kidney transplant chances of success.
If kidney damage is still in its early stages, it can be controlled by medication and diet, but the end stage renal failure has no hope of recovery. For chronic renal failure, there are only two ways to treat kidney dialysis treatment or kidney transplantation.
Kidney transplantation is through surgery, the organ donor's kidney transplant patient's body to accept the transplant process. Possible sources of the kidney: family, spouse, close friend or brain death and organ donation during his lifetime who signed consent. Of course, the best match of kidney transplant recipients generally received from brothers and sisters, because their genes with the most likely.
Kidney transplantation is the best way to treat kidney failure, because transplanted into the patient's renal failure is almost completely replace the function of the kidney, the patient lead a normal life.
Unfortunately, not every renal failure patients have the opportunity to receive a kidney transplant. This is because the kidneys may not be suitable or willing to donate kidneys to relatives, or because of brain death and then after the number of organ donors is far below the number of demanders. Patients have to wait until a suitable kidney for transplantation requires a long period of time, because the donor kidney to be matched with the patient's body. At this time, patients must undergo regular dialysis treatment to sustain life until you can get a new kidney transplant.
Dialysis is the filter through the selective exclusion of certain substances in the blood. That is, through artificial means after the body of a patient in renal failure, accumulation of toxic waste, water and salt excluded, so that the physical condition of the patient back to health.
Currently, there are two forms used in dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis machine is replaced with a special kidney function. Peritoneal dialysis is the body's peritoneum acts as the filter and remove toxins from the body.
Treatment focus
1. The treatment of kidney failure caused by reasons such as insufficient blood supply or blood loss, it will give patients replenish lost body fluids and water; if there is infection, then further treatment for the infection.
2. For renal function has been lost, so clinicians will be temporarily using dialysis method (commonly known as dialysis) to help remove toxins and waste; acute renal failure if not treated appropriately or can not control the disease to the acute evolved into chronic renal failure to uremia and may be life-long dialysis. (For dialysis information, please refer to the uremia articles)
3. Diet control, kidney failure patients, renal function due to damage, food to eat into the body, the resulting toxins and waste excreted not normal, and therefore must pay special attention to diet, to avoid Body burden:
a. protein restriction: No dialysis patients for renal protein metabolism can not be generated from the waste discharged, so that the situation is more severe renal failure, therefore, recommended to reduce the intake of protein; but if dialysis, then be noted that in dialysis will result in the loss of protein, it must meet the nutritionist's recommendations to maintain the body's needs.
b. limit sodium intake: a result of high salt containing sodium, in patients with renal failure the body if too much sodium and water retention can cause the body and cause heart and lung failure and kidney failure aggravated the situation. But do not use low-sodium, high in sodium content due to low potassium.
c. limit the intake of potassium: the accumulation of potassium can cause muscle weakness, severe cases can cause arrhythmia and cause the generation of heart failure.
d. limit the intake of phosphorus: phosphorus because the body will cause excessive loss of calcium, so doctors will use drugs to help control the phosphorus content in the blood, prevent the emergence of osteoporosis.
e. water intake: If too much water intake, the kidneys can not be ruled out, it will cause heart and lung edema, or failure, so moisture control is a very important issue, the doctor will be on a case the amount of urine, or dialysis to exclude the amount of water to determine the amount of water intake, generally in accordance with the previous day's urine output plus 500-750c.c.
4. Kidney Transplantation: Some patients with end stage renal failure, requiring long-term dialysis treatment, the patients themselves when conditions are suitable, kidney transplantation (transplant) can bring a better quality of life of patients; but a kidney transplant is a big project, though current medical technology has been quite good, still need to do a lot of pre-assessment, in order to improve kidney transplant chances of success.
If kidney damage is still in its early stages, it can be controlled by medication and diet, but the end stage renal failure has no hope of recovery. For chronic renal failure, there are only two ways to treat kidney dialysis treatment or kidney transplantation.
Kidney transplantation is through surgery, the organ donor's kidney transplant patient's body to accept the transplant process. Possible sources of the kidney: family, spouse, close friend or brain death and organ donation during his lifetime who signed consent. Of course, the best match of kidney transplant recipients generally received from brothers and sisters, because their genes with the most likely.
Kidney transplantation is the best way to treat kidney failure, because transplanted into the patient's renal failure is almost completely replace the function of the kidney, the patient lead a normal life.
Unfortunately, not every renal failure patients have the opportunity to receive a kidney transplant. This is because the kidneys may not be suitable or willing to donate kidneys to relatives, or because of brain death and then after the number of organ donors is far below the number of demanders. Patients have to wait until a suitable kidney for transplantation requires a long period of time, because the donor kidney to be matched with the patient's body. At this time, patients must undergo regular dialysis treatment to sustain life until you can get a new kidney transplant.
Dialysis is the filter through the selective exclusion of certain substances in the blood. That is, through artificial means after the body of a patient in renal failure, accumulation of toxic waste, water and salt excluded, so that the physical condition of the patient back to health.
Currently, there are two forms used in dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis machine is replaced with a special kidney function. Peritoneal dialysis is the body's peritoneum acts as the filter and remove toxins from the body.
I did not take a good brush of teeth in childhood
I did not take a child brush their teeth, and now suffering from gum disease, it is the bitterness!
I did not take a child brush their teeth, and now have on the gum disease (swollen, bleeding, as if there subgingival calculus), gum up in the morning every day, the pain is always soreness, it is the bitterness!
Winter holiday I decided to go to a regular hospital or dental clinic to take a look, do not know where to go bullish! I am here in Shenyang, please give me some good hospitals, thank you, the teeth, but a lifetime thing, I would like to see a doctor going to a regular place.
Questions added:
I am very healthy teeth, teeth not wrong, just gum problem!
Best answer
Dental stone is usually found in the salivary glands opening of the tooth surface (for example: lower anterior teeth lingual surface of maxillary posterior teeth buccal surface) and the teeth of the neck, and oral mucosal surface of the teeth, etc. can not exercise. The beginning of dental calculus is soft, due to the calcification and hardening gradually. It is made of calcium phosphate 75% ,15-25% water, organic matter, manganese phosphate, calcium and trace mineral potassium, sodium, iron composition. And showing a yellow, brown, or black. It causes the formation There are several explanations:
First, the reduction of carbon dioxide in saliva promote mineral deposition in the tooth surface.
Second, due to degradation of cells, phosphate enzyme hydrolysis of organic phosphorus phosphorus precipitation in the formation of the tooth surface.
Third, the bacteria so that the increase of pH value of saliva is alkaline, resulting in saliva protein degradation, release of calcium, deposited on the surface of the teeth is made.
Fourth, with the saliva concentration, the greater the concentration, the more easily precipitate.
The rate of dental calculus formation, morphology and hardness vary, in general, requires new dental stones twelve to fifteen hours. Quickly than the slow formation of dental calculus dental calculus formation in soft and broken. All newly formed dental calculus are soft, after a period of calcification will slowly harden. Therefore, in the beginning of the formation of dental calculus, the use of oral hygiene law or brushing method, are easy to remove dental calculus, until easily removed after calcification.
Oral and dental calculus in terms of a different object, it will continue to stimulate periodontal tissue, and will pressure gums, affecting blood circulation, resulting in infection and periodontal tissue, causing inflammation of the gums shrink, the formation of periodontal pocket. When the periodontal pocket formation, the more the food residues, such as plaque and tartar accumulation, the accumulation of this new deeper and further damage to the periodontal ligament, so keep the vicious cycle, and finally periodontal support all destroyed, leaving the extracted teeth escape the bad luck.
How to prevent formation of dental calculus it?
Prevention of tooth brushing is a simple stone formation but effective method. Deposition of dental calculus from less to more, gradually formed. Regular brushing can be just the beginning of tartar deposits on teeth, dental calculus promptly washed off. Therefore, children should be allowed to adhere to teeth, should wait until very thick deposits of dental calculus, when the attachment is very close to the brush can not afford, and must be removed by the doctor to help.
In addition, as re-refined sugar foods with high viscosity, easily deposited on the tooth surface, therefore, should warn children eat fine food, or to brush our teeth after eating. Especially before going to bed to eat such as biscuits, cakes and other fine food, not easy to form dental calculus, but can also cause tooth decay. So brush your teeth usually have to develop and maintain good oral hygiene habits.
Eat more vegetables, adequate sleep
Vitamin B2, eat more carrots, tomatoes and a series of
You are missing Vc, eat some fruit with Vc, such as oranges, etc., or eat vitamin C. If you do not worry, you can go to the next doctor. Also, pay attention to cleaning teeth!
Some people brush their teeth, mouth, eat or sleep, there will be bleeding gums, how is this going on?
Reason
Many reasons for bleeding gums can be divided into two major aspects. The one hand, oral local factors, such as gingivitis, gingival tumor and so on. On the other hand is a systemic disease, bleeding gums performance, such as anemia, leukemia, hemophilia.
Oral bleeding gums caused by local factors the most common. Mostly due to unclean mouth, so food debris, plaque, calculus often accumulate in the teeth around the mouth of various bacteria in the large population, leading to gingivitis and gum bleeding occurs, patients are often associated with bad breath. In addition, other gums such as gum disease, tumors, vascular abnormalities as rich in chewing something, tumor ulceration due to friction can also cause bleeding. Other methods such as brushing your teeth is not correct, and root (root rot), residual crown, making bad braces, fillings and other undesirable sharp edges can cause inflammation, swelling and stimulate the gums bleeding gums.
Body-induced bleeding gums, bleeding generally higher, often a wide range of spontaneous bleeding, and can not stop on their own. No obvious local mouth irritation factors exist, the oral mucosa and gums may have different degrees of color anomaly, as well as a characteristic of organic change. In addition may also be associated with significant systemic symptoms, such as the frail, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anorexia, progressive failure and other systemic functions.
Some women in the menstrual period, pregnancy gingival bleeding, spontaneous bleeding can occur, but also have itchy gums, swollen, painful feeling. This is due to the existence of its usual mild gingivitis, increased estrogen in the body, the gingival inflammation, bleeding due to increased symptoms.
Treatment
As many reasons for bleeding gums, it is necessary to identify the cause, can be effectively prevented. If it is a lack of vitamin C, except under the guidance of a doctor taking vitamin C tablets, the diet should also pay more attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C, eat more fruits and vegetables. If periodontitis, under the guidance of a doctor to take anti-inflammatory drugs, and doctor referral, can not themselves easily stop.
Prevention
Prevention of bleeding gums should note the following:
⑴ If it is the poor oral hygiene, there are a lot of tartar, plaque hemorrhage caused by stimulation (This is most common), can be a doctor dental cleaning teeth, removing plaque, calculus (commonly known as scaling, medically known as scaling, scaling), and 1 week of oral antibiotics, will soon eliminate gum inflammation and bleeding along with it to stop. In general, just do not happen bleeding gums, teeth cleaning should also be six months to a year 1.
⑵ If it is the root, gum bleeding caused by residual crown should be removal of residual crown and root, after the false teeth; braces if it is bad or undesirable production of prosthesis due to bleeding gums, crowns should be re-produced or re-fill teeth.
⑶ menstrual period, pregnancy should pay attention to maintaining oral hygiene, usually after menstruation and pregnancy, can significantly reduce bleeding gums.
⑷ use of a new health-care toothbrush, brush their teeth to avoid the forced horizontal, vertical brush method used to prevent the stimulation caused by bleeding gums.
⑸ the event of a wide range of unexplained spontaneous bleeding gums, you should come to the hospital as soon as possible in order to determine whether there is blood diseases. Especially the hidden blood disease. To a high degree of attention, many find the cause and timely manner.
Also cause bleeding gums look fine
Some people often bleeding gums, often when brushing your teeth in the morning or evening found. So why do gums bleed it?
Local factors common causes of bleeding gums:
1. Periodontal disease:
Because the tissue around the teeth lesions,
The gum edema, capillary dilatation and congestion, once hard to chew food or brush your teeth without the time, often cause bleeding gums.
2. Tartar stimulation:
Because the neck attached to the dental calculus, and its rough edges, and contains a variety of bacteria and stimulate the gums, can cause swelling and inflammation of the gums, causing bleeding.
3. Teeth and neck cavities:
Tooth decay is not timely make the neck, allowed to develop to the gingival margin, due to cavities irregular edge, and sharp, and often will stimulate the gums, causing gum inflammation, ulceration and bleeding. The common local lesions caused by bleeding gums, as long as the timely processing of local lesions, inflammation immediately after bleeding.
I did not take a child brush their teeth, and now have on the gum disease (swollen, bleeding, as if there subgingival calculus), gum up in the morning every day, the pain is always soreness, it is the bitterness!
Winter holiday I decided to go to a regular hospital or dental clinic to take a look, do not know where to go bullish! I am here in Shenyang, please give me some good hospitals, thank you, the teeth, but a lifetime thing, I would like to see a doctor going to a regular place.
Questions added:
I am very healthy teeth, teeth not wrong, just gum problem!
Best answer
Dental stone is usually found in the salivary glands opening of the tooth surface (for example: lower anterior teeth lingual surface of maxillary posterior teeth buccal surface) and the teeth of the neck, and oral mucosal surface of the teeth, etc. can not exercise. The beginning of dental calculus is soft, due to the calcification and hardening gradually. It is made of calcium phosphate 75% ,15-25% water, organic matter, manganese phosphate, calcium and trace mineral potassium, sodium, iron composition. And showing a yellow, brown, or black. It causes the formation There are several explanations:
First, the reduction of carbon dioxide in saliva promote mineral deposition in the tooth surface.
Second, due to degradation of cells, phosphate enzyme hydrolysis of organic phosphorus phosphorus precipitation in the formation of the tooth surface.
Third, the bacteria so that the increase of pH value of saliva is alkaline, resulting in saliva protein degradation, release of calcium, deposited on the surface of the teeth is made.
Fourth, with the saliva concentration, the greater the concentration, the more easily precipitate.
The rate of dental calculus formation, morphology and hardness vary, in general, requires new dental stones twelve to fifteen hours. Quickly than the slow formation of dental calculus dental calculus formation in soft and broken. All newly formed dental calculus are soft, after a period of calcification will slowly harden. Therefore, in the beginning of the formation of dental calculus, the use of oral hygiene law or brushing method, are easy to remove dental calculus, until easily removed after calcification.
Oral and dental calculus in terms of a different object, it will continue to stimulate periodontal tissue, and will pressure gums, affecting blood circulation, resulting in infection and periodontal tissue, causing inflammation of the gums shrink, the formation of periodontal pocket. When the periodontal pocket formation, the more the food residues, such as plaque and tartar accumulation, the accumulation of this new deeper and further damage to the periodontal ligament, so keep the vicious cycle, and finally periodontal support all destroyed, leaving the extracted teeth escape the bad luck.
How to prevent formation of dental calculus it?
Prevention of tooth brushing is a simple stone formation but effective method. Deposition of dental calculus from less to more, gradually formed. Regular brushing can be just the beginning of tartar deposits on teeth, dental calculus promptly washed off. Therefore, children should be allowed to adhere to teeth, should wait until very thick deposits of dental calculus, when the attachment is very close to the brush can not afford, and must be removed by the doctor to help.
In addition, as re-refined sugar foods with high viscosity, easily deposited on the tooth surface, therefore, should warn children eat fine food, or to brush our teeth after eating. Especially before going to bed to eat such as biscuits, cakes and other fine food, not easy to form dental calculus, but can also cause tooth decay. So brush your teeth usually have to develop and maintain good oral hygiene habits.
Eat more vegetables, adequate sleep
Vitamin B2, eat more carrots, tomatoes and a series of
You are missing Vc, eat some fruit with Vc, such as oranges, etc., or eat vitamin C. If you do not worry, you can go to the next doctor. Also, pay attention to cleaning teeth!
Some people brush their teeth, mouth, eat or sleep, there will be bleeding gums, how is this going on?
Reason
Many reasons for bleeding gums can be divided into two major aspects. The one hand, oral local factors, such as gingivitis, gingival tumor and so on. On the other hand is a systemic disease, bleeding gums performance, such as anemia, leukemia, hemophilia.
Oral bleeding gums caused by local factors the most common. Mostly due to unclean mouth, so food debris, plaque, calculus often accumulate in the teeth around the mouth of various bacteria in the large population, leading to gingivitis and gum bleeding occurs, patients are often associated with bad breath. In addition, other gums such as gum disease, tumors, vascular abnormalities as rich in chewing something, tumor ulceration due to friction can also cause bleeding. Other methods such as brushing your teeth is not correct, and root (root rot), residual crown, making bad braces, fillings and other undesirable sharp edges can cause inflammation, swelling and stimulate the gums bleeding gums.
Body-induced bleeding gums, bleeding generally higher, often a wide range of spontaneous bleeding, and can not stop on their own. No obvious local mouth irritation factors exist, the oral mucosa and gums may have different degrees of color anomaly, as well as a characteristic of organic change. In addition may also be associated with significant systemic symptoms, such as the frail, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anorexia, progressive failure and other systemic functions.
Some women in the menstrual period, pregnancy gingival bleeding, spontaneous bleeding can occur, but also have itchy gums, swollen, painful feeling. This is due to the existence of its usual mild gingivitis, increased estrogen in the body, the gingival inflammation, bleeding due to increased symptoms.
Treatment
As many reasons for bleeding gums, it is necessary to identify the cause, can be effectively prevented. If it is a lack of vitamin C, except under the guidance of a doctor taking vitamin C tablets, the diet should also pay more attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C, eat more fruits and vegetables. If periodontitis, under the guidance of a doctor to take anti-inflammatory drugs, and doctor referral, can not themselves easily stop.
Prevention
Prevention of bleeding gums should note the following:
⑴ If it is the poor oral hygiene, there are a lot of tartar, plaque hemorrhage caused by stimulation (This is most common), can be a doctor dental cleaning teeth, removing plaque, calculus (commonly known as scaling, medically known as scaling, scaling), and 1 week of oral antibiotics, will soon eliminate gum inflammation and bleeding along with it to stop. In general, just do not happen bleeding gums, teeth cleaning should also be six months to a year 1.
⑵ If it is the root, gum bleeding caused by residual crown should be removal of residual crown and root, after the false teeth; braces if it is bad or undesirable production of prosthesis due to bleeding gums, crowns should be re-produced or re-fill teeth.
⑶ menstrual period, pregnancy should pay attention to maintaining oral hygiene, usually after menstruation and pregnancy, can significantly reduce bleeding gums.
⑷ use of a new health-care toothbrush, brush their teeth to avoid the forced horizontal, vertical brush method used to prevent the stimulation caused by bleeding gums.
⑸ the event of a wide range of unexplained spontaneous bleeding gums, you should come to the hospital as soon as possible in order to determine whether there is blood diseases. Especially the hidden blood disease. To a high degree of attention, many find the cause and timely manner.
Also cause bleeding gums look fine
Some people often bleeding gums, often when brushing your teeth in the morning or evening found. So why do gums bleed it?
Local factors common causes of bleeding gums:
1. Periodontal disease:
Because the tissue around the teeth lesions,
The gum edema, capillary dilatation and congestion, once hard to chew food or brush your teeth without the time, often cause bleeding gums.
2. Tartar stimulation:
Because the neck attached to the dental calculus, and its rough edges, and contains a variety of bacteria and stimulate the gums, can cause swelling and inflammation of the gums, causing bleeding.
3. Teeth and neck cavities:
Tooth decay is not timely make the neck, allowed to develop to the gingival margin, due to cavities irregular edge, and sharp, and often will stimulate the gums, causing gum inflammation, ulceration and bleeding. The common local lesions caused by bleeding gums, as long as the timely processing of local lesions, inflammation immediately after bleeding.
What is the planting of teeth?
General dental implant includes a variety of stresses, such as: ① trauma can lead to tooth loss replanted back. ② with his tooth missing teeth transplanted to another location. ③ use someone else's teeth transplanted to the position of their missing teeth. ④ tooth transplantation with other animals. Produced by artificial cultivation of the missing tooth location upper dentures.
Narrow sense, that is, we usually refer to dental implant, is the first ⑤ species, called the artificial tooth implants, implants dental implant is about missing teeth in parts of the gums, teeth and gums when a long prison, then to the root of Take a realistic porcelain teeth, so that both types of artificial teeth a good solid and beautiful, but durable, known as the third Vice human teeth. Of course, to emphasize that the plant is still a denture teeth, not as long as real teeth out, we just its features, feel, form, effects and other matters like real teeth, could be called "Simulation of teeth " .
Present species are false teeth, need surgery, the alveolar bone (commonly known as gums) drill holes, and then kind of an implant, a metal also has biological, and then making a porcelain teeth in the above.
Biological in nature than the price of metals expensive, but good biocompatibility, which is the rejection reactions. titanium metal implants are now commonly used.
Dental implants can restore the natural function of 90%, is the best way to repair teeth missing, but there are indications of his, which is not much relationship with age, mainly depends on the absorption of the gums, missing teeth and long, narrow gum, Generally not suitable for kinds of teeth, to be planted, surgical difficulty on the large, bone graft may be kinds of teeth.
Types of tooth extraction usually the best species after 3 months.
Narrow sense, that is, we usually refer to dental implant, is the first ⑤ species, called the artificial tooth implants, implants dental implant is about missing teeth in parts of the gums, teeth and gums when a long prison, then to the root of Take a realistic porcelain teeth, so that both types of artificial teeth a good solid and beautiful, but durable, known as the third Vice human teeth. Of course, to emphasize that the plant is still a denture teeth, not as long as real teeth out, we just its features, feel, form, effects and other matters like real teeth, could be called "Simulation of teeth " .
Present species are false teeth, need surgery, the alveolar bone (commonly known as gums) drill holes, and then kind of an implant, a metal also has biological, and then making a porcelain teeth in the above.
Biological in nature than the price of metals expensive, but good biocompatibility, which is the rejection reactions. titanium metal implants are now commonly used.
Dental implants can restore the natural function of 90%, is the best way to repair teeth missing, but there are indications of his, which is not much relationship with age, mainly depends on the absorption of the gums, missing teeth and long, narrow gum, Generally not suitable for kinds of teeth, to be planted, surgical difficulty on the large, bone graft may be kinds of teeth.
Types of tooth extraction usually the best species after 3 months.
Transplant success rate, dental expenses and the possibility of tooth regeneration
Transplant success rate of dental expenses and the possibility of tooth regeneration
broken teeth
Description disease (onset time, major symptoms, visiting hospitals, etc.):
Left little
And effectiveness of treatment was:
Stick ceramic teeth, nasty dentures
How do want to help:
Would like to ask transplantation teeth can do it? The impact of what is wrong? The success of transplantation themselves or others rate? There are costs? Regeneration of teeth in the next five years there want to apply?
Hello:
Present after removal of the teeth from the teeth can consider doing transplantation, but the teeth under teeth, whether its shape is similar to like teeth. Permanent teeth because of the number of people are certain, and each has its own function. Transplanted with their own teeth can cause other teeth missing, occlusion of the overall function is to have a certain influence. Another tooth transplantation is not yet mature technology, there is no widely used in clinical. If your root is good, can keep the root, to do some porcelain crowns in general will not have discomfort.
broken teeth
Description disease (onset time, major symptoms, visiting hospitals, etc.):
Left little
And effectiveness of treatment was:
Stick ceramic teeth, nasty dentures
How do want to help:
Would like to ask transplantation teeth can do it? The impact of what is wrong? The success of transplantation themselves or others rate? There are costs? Regeneration of teeth in the next five years there want to apply?
Hello:
Present after removal of the teeth from the teeth can consider doing transplantation, but the teeth under teeth, whether its shape is similar to like teeth. Permanent teeth because of the number of people are certain, and each has its own function. Transplanted with their own teeth can cause other teeth missing, occlusion of the overall function is to have a certain influence. Another tooth transplantation is not yet mature technology, there is no widely used in clinical. If your root is good, can keep the root, to do some porcelain crowns in general will not have discomfort.
Dentist did not help me to polish the teeth for gloves, fear of HIV infection
Dental: The doctor did not help me to polish the teeth for gloves, fear of HIV infection
Description: yesterday to do a top three hospital dental braces, teeth to be polished (dead dental pulp, no bleeding), but the doctors to help a woman grinding to do before the treatment (she had just said that his wisdom teeth pulled the day, I feel pain , With the two groups of cotton, do not know no bleeding), after completing the treatment, but still did not change gloves to take the car directly to help me polish the needle. Process also took a group of new cotton stuffed in my mouth. Is replaced by the new bur.
Question:
If the woman is living with HIV, she's saliva or blood not that easy to stick in a doctor's glove? This helped me a doctor and then polished teeth, then the risk of infection is not very large?
In fact, I have been very careful, and know that dentistry is a high-risk areas of infection, so treatment has been staring at the doctor's contacts, so he does not care to give me the used bur grinding, and later remembered, His gloves are not replaced, so worried. \
Questions added:
Just a misnomer, the doctor did not change gloves did not mean to, I also know that doctors very busy, and sometimes forgotten. But still feel worried, please help us a lot
How do you know that the molars, called bur very small chance of infection, the doctor is a little careless, I believe this is only a tiny minority.
See a psychiatrist now, have obsessive-compulsive disorder so small.
How you and full of AIDS, ah? So horrible, food can not eat, can not breathe, what if the air can transmit AIDS? .
Cough! Do not think about, no problem.
Not too sensitive, do not trust the CDC to do go to the check, as if HIV testing is free.
What is it you are sure that even if a woman has HIV What she does not reach you
Not as worried about what other diseases have such a good spread of HIV so!
Description: yesterday to do a top three hospital dental braces, teeth to be polished (dead dental pulp, no bleeding), but the doctors to help a woman grinding to do before the treatment (she had just said that his wisdom teeth pulled the day, I feel pain , With the two groups of cotton, do not know no bleeding), after completing the treatment, but still did not change gloves to take the car directly to help me polish the needle. Process also took a group of new cotton stuffed in my mouth. Is replaced by the new bur.
Question:
If the woman is living with HIV, she's saliva or blood not that easy to stick in a doctor's glove? This helped me a doctor and then polished teeth, then the risk of infection is not very large?
In fact, I have been very careful, and know that dentistry is a high-risk areas of infection, so treatment has been staring at the doctor's contacts, so he does not care to give me the used bur grinding, and later remembered, His gloves are not replaced, so worried. \
Questions added:
Just a misnomer, the doctor did not change gloves did not mean to, I also know that doctors very busy, and sometimes forgotten. But still feel worried, please help us a lot
How do you know that the molars, called bur very small chance of infection, the doctor is a little careless, I believe this is only a tiny minority.
See a psychiatrist now, have obsessive-compulsive disorder so small.
How you and full of AIDS, ah? So horrible, food can not eat, can not breathe, what if the air can transmit AIDS? .
Cough! Do not think about, no problem.
Not too sensitive, do not trust the CDC to do go to the check, as if HIV testing is free.
What is it you are sure that even if a woman has HIV What she does not reach you
Not as worried about what other diseases have such a good spread of HIV so!
Teeth seemed to be floating, particularly uncomfortable at night
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at night when
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at the time, may I ask how is it?
Hi this is caused by gum allergy! A quick sharp tooth nerve pain suggested three points: 1. taking vitamin C, pay attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C. 2, get up every morning, before going to bed at night with light salt water gargle. 3, it is recommended to prevent the use of anti-allergy toothpaste Susi Da gingival recession, bleeding.
To prevent the professional dental treatment and do not be afraid to trust the doctor's professional standards.
Fear most is to miss the best treatment time, after the remedy it difficult.
Unlike other dental diseases, osteoporosis if not self-repair when damaged.
Unlike the skin is broken, will repair itself.
I wish a speedy recovery!
Apical joint inflammation and hypersensitivity symptoms, treatment recommendations in a timely manner
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at the time, may I ask how is it?
Hi this is caused by gum allergy! A quick sharp tooth nerve pain suggested three points: 1. taking vitamin C, pay attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C. 2, get up every morning, before going to bed at night with light salt water gargle. 3, it is recommended to prevent the use of anti-allergy toothpaste Susi Da gingival recession, bleeding.
To prevent the professional dental treatment and do not be afraid to trust the doctor's professional standards.
Fear most is to miss the best treatment time, after the remedy it difficult.
Unlike other dental diseases, osteoporosis if not self-repair when damaged.
Unlike the skin is broken, will repair itself.
I wish a speedy recovery!
Apical joint inflammation and hypersensitivity symptoms, treatment recommendations in a timely manner
Teeth seemed to be floating, particularly uncomfortable at night
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at night when
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at the time, may I ask how is it?
Hi this is caused by gum allergy! A quick sharp tooth nerve pain suggested three points: 1. taking vitamin C, pay attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C. 2, get up every morning, before going to bed at night with light salt water gargle. 3, it is recommended to prevent the use of anti-allergy toothpaste Susi Da gingival recession, bleeding.
To prevent the professional dental treatment and do not be afraid to trust the doctor's professional standards.
Fear most is to miss the best treatment time, after the remedy it difficult.
Unlike other dental diseases, osteoporosis if not self-repair when damaged.
Unlike the skin is broken, will repair itself.
I wish a speedy recovery!
Apical joint inflammation and hypersensitivity symptoms, treatment recommendations in a timely manner
Will the dentist these days my teeth are sore, I feel like the teeth seemed to be floating. To feel particularly uncomfortable at the time, may I ask how is it?
Hi this is caused by gum allergy! A quick sharp tooth nerve pain suggested three points: 1. taking vitamin C, pay attention to the food supplement rich in vitamin C. 2, get up every morning, before going to bed at night with light salt water gargle. 3, it is recommended to prevent the use of anti-allergy toothpaste Susi Da gingival recession, bleeding.
To prevent the professional dental treatment and do not be afraid to trust the doctor's professional standards.
Fear most is to miss the best treatment time, after the remedy it difficult.
Unlike other dental diseases, osteoporosis if not self-repair when damaged.
Unlike the skin is broken, will repair itself.
I wish a speedy recovery!
Apical joint inflammation and hypersensitivity symptoms, treatment recommendations in a timely manner
What did you find experienced dentists to straighten teeth?
What did you friends or straightening teeth experienced dentists: after straightening teeth
I have been straightening teeth for almost a year, and now the gap left by the teeth tooth almost the width of a subject, the doctor advised me to install porcelain teeth, porcelain teeth, I would like to ask complex you installed is installed you can use a Old, or have to change every couple of years that? installed after what problems encountered, and then mounted porcelain teeth straightening teeth many people do not?
Usually installed porcelain teeth, depending on what your teeth are in position, but also the good or bad. For example, you are right next to the teeth will wear the other half of a rub off. Because, to a fixed stick Together. sometimes two half worn away. be fixed. you are a tooth to be loaded when the two to be installed. mounted porcelain teeth can not be said to use the old, it may be years, or longer A little time. installed did not encounter those problems after, as usual. straightening teeth and then mounted porcelain teeth should not be a lot of people. But you will not see the porcelain installed, only teeth with a golden edge. If your mouth is not invisible. because the color of teeth is the same so do not see. also good to use ah. I have installed a few, my husband to help me install. He is the dentist .
Is not it. After correction should be no gap tooth, ah. Lat pull 4 teeth I have now corrected almost the same. how could you space ah.
Porcelain teeth you to do that is to wear a small gap next to the two teeth, so a total of three porcelain teeth, the process is not complicated, probably go to the hospital two or three times you can, if you carefully, do not bite it too hard Things that can more than ten years, they do not bite too hard things do not bite, will not be a problem.
After the installation of porcelain teeth usually correct people are born with missing teeth who do not know the circumstances of your teeth are, the more you watch others do not have much, everyone's teeth are not the same situation
I have been straightening teeth for almost a year, and now the gap left by the teeth tooth almost the width of a subject, the doctor advised me to install porcelain teeth, porcelain teeth, I would like to ask complex you installed is installed you can use a Old, or have to change every couple of years that? installed after what problems encountered, and then mounted porcelain teeth straightening teeth many people do not?
Usually installed porcelain teeth, depending on what your teeth are in position, but also the good or bad. For example, you are right next to the teeth will wear the other half of a rub off. Because, to a fixed stick Together. sometimes two half worn away. be fixed. you are a tooth to be loaded when the two to be installed. mounted porcelain teeth can not be said to use the old, it may be years, or longer A little time. installed did not encounter those problems after, as usual. straightening teeth and then mounted porcelain teeth should not be a lot of people. But you will not see the porcelain installed, only teeth with a golden edge. If your mouth is not invisible. because the color of teeth is the same so do not see. also good to use ah. I have installed a few, my husband to help me install. He is the dentist .
Is not it. After correction should be no gap tooth, ah. Lat pull 4 teeth I have now corrected almost the same. how could you space ah.
Porcelain teeth you to do that is to wear a small gap next to the two teeth, so a total of three porcelain teeth, the process is not complicated, probably go to the hospital two or three times you can, if you carefully, do not bite it too hard Things that can more than ten years, they do not bite too hard things do not bite, will not be a problem.
After the installation of porcelain teeth usually correct people are born with missing teeth who do not know the circumstances of your teeth are, the more you watch others do not have much, everyone's teeth are not the same situation
Will the transplantation of autologous tooth be problem?
Under the condition I describe below: Please physicians and oral health professional students in the professional help needed to explain how my case under treatment.
My innermost teeth of the lower right moth had previously been to the hospital after the doctor left the dental drill and add the filling, then you can normally use. After three years of my tooth filling this out, I do not care how, when to eat to get the teeth split, and I asked the doctor to the hospital, he said, must be pulled, then the innermost upper right teeth Migrate to where I want to ask how long the teeth transplantation? I now have 28 of the root can grow fast if you transplant, and my kids ready in August to affect it?
The root should be your wisdom teeth yet long Well, if transplanted, and can continue using it, and can grow fast, and do not want to affect the baby, worry
The effect of transplantation uncertainty, we recommend routine repair (false tooth), but always right upper wisdom tooth pulled, and give it a try, also not a bad idea to make use of waste. Be it their own sense
My innermost teeth of the lower right moth had previously been to the hospital after the doctor left the dental drill and add the filling, then you can normally use. After three years of my tooth filling this out, I do not care how, when to eat to get the teeth split, and I asked the doctor to the hospital, he said, must be pulled, then the innermost upper right teeth Migrate to where I want to ask how long the teeth transplantation? I now have 28 of the root can grow fast if you transplant, and my kids ready in August to affect it?
The root should be your wisdom teeth yet long Well, if transplanted, and can continue using it, and can grow fast, and do not want to affect the baby, worry
The effect of transplantation uncertainty, we recommend routine repair (false tooth), but always right upper wisdom tooth pulled, and give it a try, also not a bad idea to make use of waste. Be it their own sense
Relatively myopic corrective surgery in Shanghai
Shanghai hospital to do that relatively myopic corrective surgery good? There are teeth whitening, have recommended the hospital? Thank you!
Myopia correction surgery, ENT Hospital, Shanghai is definitely second to none.
Dental whitening, where they should be good.
Myopia correction surgery, ENT Hospital, Shanghai is definitely second to none.
Dental whitening, where they should be good.
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